Muri iyi minsi ingingo ikomeye ku mutekano wo mu karere, ni ibiganiro bikomeje hagati y’ibihugu birimo Repubulika ya Demokarasi ya Congo, u Rwanda, u Burundi na Uganda, haganirwa ku gushyiraho uburyo buhuriweho bwo guhashya imitwe yitwaje intwaro ikorera mu mashyamba yo mu burasirazuba bwa RDC.
Ibiganiro bya mbere byabaye ku wa 13 na 14 Nzeri 2019, bikurikirwa n’ibyabaye ku wa 25-26 Ukwakira, i Goma mu Burasirazuba bwa Repubulika ya Demokarasi ya Congo. Ni ibiganiro byanakurikiwe n’ubuyobozi bw’ingabo za Amerika zikorera muri Afurika (AFRICOM) n’Intumwa z’umuryango w’abibumbye muri RDC, Monusco.
Ni inama ikomeje guhurizwamo ibitekerezo bigamije gushyira iherezo ku mitwe irimo ADF ikomoka muri Uganda; FDLR, RNC, CNRD na RUD-Urunana ikomoka mu Rwanda; Mai-Mai n’indi yo muri RDC na RED/TABARA, FNL n’indi ikomoka mu Burundi.
Ni icyifuzo cya Perezida Tshisekedi
Guhuriza hamwe ingabo z’ibihugu by’akarere ni igitekerezo cyagaragajwe bwa mbere na Perezida Felix Tshisekedi, uheruka kugaragaza ko uburasirazuba bwa RDC bukwiriye kuba ikigega cy’igihugu n’akarere, ariko ibibazo by’umutekano muke bituruka ku mitwe yitwaje intwaro bituma hahora ubukene bukomeye.
Perezida Paul Kagame yaje kuba umwe mu bashyigikiye ubusabe bwa Tshisekedi bwo gufatanya nk’akarere mu kurwanya iyi mitwe.
Nubwo ikibazo ahanini kiri muri RDC, u Rwanda narwo rwabigiramo inyungu kuko waba umwanya wo gushyira iherezo ku mitwe ya FDLR, P5 ya RNC, na RUD Urunana ikomeje guhungabanya umutekano w’u Rwanda.
Inyandiko y’ibyaganiriwe mu nama ya mbere yabereye i Goma IGIHE yabonye, igaragaza ko “haganiriwe ku ishyirwaho ry’ibiro by’ingabo bihuriweho i Goma, iyo nama ikemeranya kongera gukorana mu kwezi kumwe.”
Iyo nama yakoranye ku wa 24-25 nanone i Goma, ifungurwa na General Célestin Mbala Munsense, umugaba Mukuru wa FARDC. Yaganiriwe ku ishyirwaho ry’ibiro bikuru bihuriweho by’ingabo, bizahurizwamo ibikorwa by’ingabo z’ibihugu by’akarere.
Amakuru agera kuri IGIHE avuga ko muri iyo nama hanaganiriwe ku buryo ibyo bikorwa byazabamo, hakusanywa ibitekerezo birimo kuba buri gihugu cyahabwa agace cyazibandaho mu bitero bitewe n’aho imitwe ibangamiye umutekano wacyo iherereye. U Rwanda rwafashe uduce turimo Uvira, Rutshuru, Nyiragongo na Masisi.
U Burundi bwafashe ibice bigana ku gihugu cyabwo kimwe na Uganda, hasigara kureba uburyo byazagenda nk’igihe igihugu runaka cyakurikirana umutwe witwaje intwaro, ukinjira mu gice cyaba cyahawe ikindi gihugu.
Uganda mu guhindura politiki ibibazo by’akarere?
Nyuma y’iyi nama, amakuru avuga ko Uganda yanze gusinya ku nyandikomvugo y’ibyari byemejwe, ivuga ko igikeneye ibiganiro iwayo, ibindi bihugu birimo n’u Rwanda byubaha icyo cyemezo kuko ari icyemezo n’undi wese yafata.
Gusa ibinyamakuru byo muri Uganda yari ihagarariwe mu biganiro n’Umugaba w’Ingabo zirwanira ku butaka, Gen Peter Elwelu, byihutiye kwandika ko kuba Uganda yaranze gusinya byarakaje u Rwanda, ndetse ko byatewe n’uko rwashakaga kujya no mu bice bya Kivu y’Amajyaruguru, hafi ya Uganda.
Ni igikorwa cyiyongereye mu bikomeje kuvugwa hagati y’ibihugu byombi mu gihe umubano wabyo utifashe neza, cyane ko Uganda yakunze kuvuga ko u Rwanda rushaka kohereza abasirikare hafi y’umupaka wayo.
Gusa amakuru ahamya neza ko ibyo bitigeze bibaho. Muri iyo nama u Rwanda rwari ruhagarariwe na Brig Gen Vincent Nyakarundi, Umuyobozi ushinzwe iperereza rya gisirikare muri RDF.
Umuvugizi w’Ingabo z’u Rwanda, Lt Col Innocent Munyangango, yabwiye IGIHE ko ibiganiro bihuje impande zose bigikomeje, igihe cy’imyanzuro igaragaza niba ibitero bizabaho n’igihe bizabera kikaba kitaragera.
Ati “Ibiganiro byabaye mu buryo busesuye, mu guhanahana umwanya no kungurana ibitekerezo. Ni ibiganiro bigikomeza.”
Biteganywa ko abakuru b’ingabo z’ibi bihugu bazongera guhura mu minsi iri imbere, gusa itariki bizaberaho ntiratangazwa.
RDC ntirerurira abaturage
Abaturage banyuranye muri RDC ntibarumva neza imiterere y’ibi bikorwa bya gisirikare, cyane ko imyanzuro ya nyuma itarafatwa. Umwe mu badepite, Muhindo Kasekwa Jean-Baptiste, aheruka gusaba Inteko Ishinga amategeko ko yasaba Guverinoma ibisobanuro kuri iki gikorwa.
Uretse abaturage, umuvugizi wa FARDC, Lt Gen Leon Richard Kasonga, nyuma y’inama yabereye i Goma ku wa 25-26 Ukwakira, yabwiye abanyamakuru imiterere y’ibitero, itandukanye n’iyaganiriweho mu nama yahuje abakuru b’ingabo.
Bitandukanye n’ibyaganiriweho ko buri gihugu gishobora guhabwa agace kizakoreramo, Lt Gen Kasonga yahamagaje abanyamakuru ababwira ko mu buryo ubufatanye buteye, imitwe yitwaje intwaro ikomoka mu gihugu bazahangana nayo ubwabo, ikomoka mu mahanga buri gihugu kikarwana kitarenze umupaka wacyo.
Yavuze ko FARDC ifite ubushobozi buhagije, atanga urugero ku bitero yari imaze iminsi igaba ku mitwe yitwaje intwaro mu bice bya Mayangos, Beni, Rutshuru, Nyamilima n’ahandi, bikorwa na FARDC mu bushobozi ihabwa n’abaturage b’igihugu ishinzwe kurinda.
Ati “Ibyo bikorwa byose twakoze ubwacu bigaragaza ubushobozi dufite, ubwigenge bwacu mu kurinda abaturage bacu, ko tudafite ubushobozi gusa ahubwo n’ubuhanga mu bya gisirikare.”
“Ntabwo ari ibipfa kubaho kuba ingabo za FARDC zisanga ku mwanya wa cyenda mu ngabo zikomeye muri Afurika, ku mwanya wa 72 ku Isi, ntabwo ari uko dufite amaso meza cyangwa imitwe minini, ni uko mu bijyanye n’igisirikare twakoze ibikorwa byageze ku musaruro ufatika.”
Yavuze ko uku guhuza imbaraga kuzibanda ku gusangira ibyagezweho mu iperereza n’andi makuru, buri umwe ari ku butaka bwe.
Ati “Dufite ubushobozi buhagije bw’ibikoresho n’abasirikare, byo gukora ibyo bitero ubwacu, mu kurangiza iki kibazo cy’umutekano muke. Ntabwo dukeneye ko izo ngabo zambuka umupaka ziza iwacu. Ahubwo bazaba bari mu bice byo ku butaka bwabo, ku mipaka, buri wese ari ku butaka bwe, turwanya dufatanyije umwanzi washaka kuva mu gihugu kimwe ajya mu kindi.”
Gen Kasonga yabajijwe itandukaniro ry’ibi bitero byakozwe ku bufatanye bw’ibi bihugu mu bihe byashize nka ‘Umoja wetu’, asubiza ko ari “ibihe bitandukanye”, kandi ibi bitero byo bitazaba bihuriweho, ko buri wese azakora ibye, ku butaka bwe.
Hategerejwe igihe inama itaha izakoranyirizwa, ari nayo izatererwamo indi ntambwe mu kugaragaza niba ibikorwa bya gisirikare bihuriweho bizaba cyangwa niba hazakoreshwa ubundi buryo.
Ingabo z’ibihugu by’akarere zikomeje ibiganiro ku ishyirwaho ry’ibikorwa bihuriweho bya gisirikare
Brig Gen Nyakarundi (uwa kabiri ibumoso) hamwe na bagenzi be nyuma y’inama y’i Goma
