Mu mpera za Gashyantare uyu mwaka, nibwo Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yasabye abaturage bayo guhagarika kujya muri Uganda kubera impungenge z’umutekano wabo, nyuma y’ubuhamya bw’abari bakomeje kwirukanwa ku butaka bw’icyo gihugu bagaragaza ihohoterwa n’iyicarubozo bakorewe, abandi bagafungirwaho ntihamenyekane iherezo ryabyo.
Ni mu gihe umubano w’ibihugu byombi wari umaze guhungabana ku buryo bugaragara, u Rwanda rushinja Uganda ibirimo kubangamira ubucuruzi bwarwo no gufasha imitwe igamije guhungabanya umutekano warwo, mu gihe Uganda ishinja Abanyarwanda ubutasi.
Ibintu byahumiye ku mirari nyuma y’umwanzuro wasabye amakamyo anyura hagati y’ibihugu byombi kutongera gukoresha umupaka wa Gatuna kubera imirimo yo kuhubaka, ahubwo ayoborwa ku wa Kagitumba, Kagitumba/Mirama hills.
Ibi byemezo byakoze bikomeye ku bucuruzi bwa Uganda bwari bumaze kwizera isoko rikomeye mu Rwanda, ariko rushimangira ko urujya n’uruza rw’ibicuruzwa rudashoboka mu gihe urw’abantu rwazitiwe n’ihohoterwa ry’Abanyarwanda.
Mu gihe u Rwanda rudakora ku nyanja, kuba inzira ya Uganda y’ubucuruzi yo mu Muhora wo Hagati inyura muri Uganda iturutse ku Cyambu cya Mombasa yarazibiwe, rwaciye umuvuno ruyoboka Umuhora wo Hagati uturutse ku Cyambu cya Dar Es Salaam muri Tanzania.
Mu kiganiro yagiranye na BBC, Umuyobozi w’Akarere ka Kisoro, Abel Bizimana, yatabaje inzego zitandukanye avuga ko ihungabana ry’umubano w’u Rwanda na Uganda rikomeje kugira ingaruka ku baturage be.
Yavuze ko ibiregwa Abanyarwanda ko bafungirwa muri Uganda kubera ubutasi atabihamya kuko bitari mu nshingano, avuga ko bimwe bishobora kuba ukuri ibindi bikaba icengezamatwara ryo guharabikana kubera ko abantu batabanye neza.
Yakomeje ati “Ariko njyewe icyo nasaba, nasaba CEPGL, nkasaba EAC, ngasaba AU, ngo bareke kurebera abantu barimo kurebana ibitsure, ihene rwose bayikiza igihebeba. Dutegereze Angola yo hasi iriya ngo ni yo irenda kuzatuyobora?”
“Ubu Kisoro ubucuruzi bwarahagaze, ubu Kisoro turi no ku mpungenge ngo wenda hari igihe uzagaruka ugasanga wenda abantu barapfuye, kandi twabibonyeho igihe FPR yatahaga, intambara turayizi.”
Uganda mu bihombo
Muri Werurwe uyu mwaka u Rwanda rwatangaje ko mu gihe urujya n’uruza hagati y’ibihugu byombi ruhagaze, rwiteguye ko ibicuruzwa byavaga muri Uganda, dore ko byari na byinshi, bishobora gushakirwa ahandi.
Minisitiri w’Imari n’Igenamigambi, Dr Uzziel Ndagijimana, yagize ati “Ibyo twavanaga muri Uganda bikubye inshuro nyinshi ibyo twoherezayo. Ibyo twakuragayo byari bifite agaciro ka miliyoni $242 twe twoherezayo gusa miliyoni $27.”
“Urumva rero haramutse hagize igituma ubwo bucuruzi bugabanuka, igihombo cyinshi kiba kuri wa wundi wacuruzaga hanze, kiva k’utakaje isoko. Igihombo cyaba kuri Uganda kurusha u Rwanda. Kubera ko kuri twe, Uganda ni isoko rito twoherezagaho ibintu bike, bo batugurishaho byinshi inshuro nyinshi.”
Imibare igaragaza ko mu myaka ishize ubucuruzi bw’ibyatumizwaga mu mahanga ku Rwanda, Uganda yari ifitemo uruhare runini ariko rwagiye rugabanuka mu mezi ashize.
Raporo y’Ikigo cy’Ibarurishamibare mu Rwanda yasohotse muri Nzeri uyu mwaka, igaragaza ko mu gihembwe cya mbere n’icya kabiri uyu mwaka ibitumizwa muri Uganda byagabanutse ku rwego rukomeye.
Ni imibare yakusanyijwe mu Ishami rishinzwe za Gasutamo, mu Kigo cy’Imisoro n’Amahoro, RRA. Duhereye kuri raporo yo mu Ukuboza 2018 igaragaza ubucuruzi bw’u Rwanda mu Gihembwe cya Gatatu cy’uwo mwaka, ibihugu bitanu bya mbere u Rwanda rwatumizagamo ibicuruzwa byinshi, imbere hari u Bushinwa (miliyoni $151.79), Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Abarabu (miliyoni $68.09), Uganda (miliyoni $65.88), u Buhinde (miliyoni $ 65.09) na Kenya (miliyoni $49.83).
Ni mu gihe Abanyarwanda bari bakijya muri Uganda, nubwo muri ayo mezi bigaragara ko hari abahohotererwagayo ariko ibintu byari bitarakara. Muri icyo gihe ibyatumizwaga muri Uganda ahanini byari ibiribwa n’ibikomoka ku matungo.
Uretse kuba yari mu bya mbere muri rusange, muri icyo gihe Uganda yari iyoboye ibihugu byo mu Karere bitumizwamo ibicuruzwa byinshi kuko yari yihariye 42.85 ku ijana, igakurikirwa na Kenya ifite 32.41 ku byoherezwa mu bihugu by’akarere.
Tanzania yari iya gatatu na 23.60%, u Burundi ari ubwa kane na 1.13%, Sudani y’Epfo bikaba 0.00%. Raporo yo muri Nzeri uyu mwaka igaragaza ko Uganda yatakaje umwanya ukomeye yahoranye mu bihugu u Rwanda rwatumizwagamo ibicuruzwa, isimburwa na Tanzania.
Umubano mubi wagize ingaruka ku bicuruzwa byavaga muri Uganda birimo amavuta yo guteka ya Mukwano, Uganda Waragi, amazi ya Rwenzori na Sima ya Hima. Muri iyi minsi uzasanga mu maduka yo mu Rwanda ibicuruzwa byinshi byanditseho Igiswahili nka Jambo, Safi, Habari, Simba Cement n’inzoga ya Konyagi.
Raporo ya NISR igaragaza ko mu Gihembwe cya Kabiri cya 2019, u Bushinwa bwaje imbere mu bihugu u Rwanda rutumizamo ibicuruzwa byinshi (miliyoni $159.23), u Buhinde (miliyoni $ 90.27), Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Abarabu (miliyoni $ 69.09), Kenya (miliyoni $ 57.64) na Tanzania (miliyoni $ 55.68).
Muri rusange ibicuruzwa byatumijwe mu mahanga, mu Gihembwe cya Kabiri cya 2019 byari bifite agaciro ka miliyoni $ 115.10. Ibyatumijwe muri Kenya byari 50.08%, Tanzania ifite 48.38%, Uganda ifitemo 1.17%, u Burundi bufitemo 0.37% mu gihe Sudani y’Epfo igifitemo 0.00 ku ijana.
Nyamara mu bihugu u Rwanda rwoherejemo ibicuruzwa mu gihembwe cya kabiri cy’uyu mwaka, hari Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Abarabu (miliyoni $42.30 zingana na 28.34 ku ijana), Uganda (miliyoni $23.23 zingana na 15.56 ku ijana), Repubulika ya Demokarasi ya Congo (miliyoni $14.33 zingana na 9.60 ku ijana), Kenya (miliyoni $ 9.28 zingana na 6.22 ku ijana) n’u Busuwisi miliyoni $ 7.15 zingana na 4.79 ku ijana).
Ibyo bihugu uko ari bitanu byari byihariye ubucuruzi bw’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga ku gipimo cya 64.51% ku ijana bingana na miliyoni $96.29.
Nta cyizere ko umwanya wayo izawusubirana vuba
Mu gushakira umuti ibibazo bimaze igihe hagati y’u Rwanda na Uganda, ku wa 21 Kanama 2019, Perezida Paul Kagame na Yoweri Museveni basinyiye i Luanda muri Angola, amasezerano agamije guhosha ubwo bwumvikane buke.
Ni inama yanashyizeho ibiganiro bigomba guhuza impande zombi mu gushakira umuti ibibazo bihari, iya mbere iba ku wa 16 Nzeri yemeza ko Uganda ikurikirana ikibazo cy’Abanyarwanda bafungiweyo, abadafite dosiye bakarekuwa ariko ntibyakozwe, ndetse ku wa Mbere w’iki Cyumweru hari abandi benshi bafashwe.
Inama ya kabiri yagombaga kuba nyuma y’iminsi 30 ikurikira iyabereye i Kigali, ariko Uganda yagiye izanamo impinduka, ku buryo bikigoye ko ingingo yo kuganira ku rujya n’uruza rw’abantu n’ibintu iteganyijwe muri iyo nama, bigoye ko izaganirwaho vuba. Perezida Paul Kagame aheruka kubwira abanyamakuru ko iminsi 30 yagombaga kurangira ku wa 16 Ukwakira, ariko ntiyabaye ku mpamvu atazi neza.
Ati « Itariki yose umuntu yatanga ku mpamvu nzima, cyangwa se n’umuntu naza akavuga ngo nta nama dukeneye, tuzabyubahiriza. Ariko inama zashoboraga gukemura ibibazo byateye ukutumvikana. »
U Rwanda ntirwahwemye kubwira Uganda ko hari abantu icumbikiye bagamije guhungabanya umutekano warwo ariko igakomeza guhakana ko nta ruhare ibifitemo. Icyakora hari abantu bafunzwe, bari mu nkiko batanga ibimenyetso ku bibazo by’umutekano muke Uganda ishaka guteza u Rwanda.
Perezida Kagame yakomeje ati « Bamwe mu barekuwe mwabonye, banafashwe nyuma y’uko hari abantu bari babegereye bashaka kubajyana muri iyo mitwe yitwaje intwaro, babyanze igihano kiba kuvuga ngo ‘wanze kubera ko urimo gukorera guverinoma’, bakabwira inzego z’umutekano ngo uyu ashobora kuba ari maneko w’u Rwanda. »
U Rwanda rwaburiye abaturage barwo kutajya muri Uganda kubera ko umutekano wabo utizewe, biturutse ku gufungwa, gushimutwa n’ibindi bikorwa bya kinyamaswa birimo iyicarubozo bakorerwa.
Mu gihe Uganda ikomeje kwinangira mu bikorwa bigamije gusubiza ku murongo umubano w’ibihugu byombi, biragoye ko umwanya ukomeye yahoranye mu bucuruzi bw’u Rwanda izawusubirana, nyuma yo kwigarurirwa na Tanzania.
Ibicuruzwa u Rwanda rwohereza muri Uganda byariyongereye kugeza no muri Kamena uyu mwaka / NISR
Uganda yahoze mu bihugu bya mbere u Rwanda rutumizamo ibicuruzwa byinshi ariko ubu byarahindutse / NISR
Uganda yatakaje umwanya yahoranye nk’isoko y’ibicuruzwa byinshi u Rwanda rutumiza mu mahanga, isimburwa na Tanzania yazamutse mu buryo budasanzwe
Yanditswe na IGIHE Kuya 28 Ugushyingo 2019
