Mu kiganiro Perezida Paul Kagame yigeze kugirana na RBA muri 2017, yagarutse ku buryo nyuma ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu Rwanda mu 1994, leta yagerageje kureshya ikigo cya MTN Group kugira ngo gishore imari mu ikoranabuhanga ry’itumanaho ariko bikagorana, kuko iki kigo kitumvaga uburyo kizunguka mu gihugu cyari kitaragira umurongo ufatika, kikiva muri Jenoside kandi cyugarijwe n’ubukene bukabije.
Ibintu byaragoranye, kugeza ubwo leta yemeye gusangira igishoro na MTN Group, noneho irashyira iraza.
Ibi Perezida Kagame yavuze icyo gihe ni kimwe mu byerekana intego ngari ze, n’uburyo kuva na kera na kare, yabonaga ikoranabuhanga nka kimwe mu bikorwa bizazamura ubukungu bwacyo mu myaka yari bukurikireho.
Ibi kandi ni na ko bikimeze magingo aya, kuko ubwo yitabiraga inama ya Viva Tech, ihuriza mu Bufaransa intyoza mu ikoranabuhanga, Kagame yabajijwe impamvu yitabira iyo nama, maze azubiza agira ati “Kuba ndi hano bimpa ishusho ngari y’icyo twakwitega mu ikoranabuhanga. Ndetse bikananyereka uburyo urubyiruko rwa Afurika ruri gukoresha iri koranabuhanga”.
Yongeyeho ko ibyo bituma ahora yiga, akamenya aho ikoranabuhanga rigeze ndetse n’uburyo ryabyazwa umusaruro muri rusange, ati “Ibi bintu bikomeza kugufungura amaso, ukabona uburyo ibintu bishobora kwaguka, n’uburyo twabibyazamo umusaruro”.
Aha rero uwavuga ko imvugo ari yo ngiro ntiyaba yibeshye, kuko ukurikije ubushake bwa Leta y’u Rwanda, n’imbaraga ishyira mu guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga, biragaragara cyane ko bihura neza n’iyi nyota y’Umukuru w’Igihugu yo guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga.
Iri shyaka ryo guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga, no kuryubakiraho ubukungu bw’igihugu muri rusange, rigaragarira mu mishinga igihugu cyashyizemo imbaraga, kandi imyinshi muri yo ikaba imaze gutanga umusaruro.
Imwe mu yakozwe ikakaye harimo gukwirakwiza umuyoboro wa fibre optique hafi ya hose mu gihugu, kugira ngo murandasi igere hose mu gihugu no mu nkengero zacyo.
Iyi migozi ifasha mu gukwirakwiza internet yatumye ubuso burenga 96% bw’igihugu bugira ubushobozi bwo kwakira internet ya 4G LTE, ndetse ikanagura macye kuko GB 1 igura 0.56$ (533FRW), ibituma u Rwanda ruza ku mwanya wa mbere mu Karere ka Afurika y’i Burasirazuba mu kugira internet ihendutse. Ibi kandi byanongereye umubare w’abakoresha internet, aho ugeze kuri 21.7% by’abaturage bose.
Indi mishinga imaze kumenyerwa harimo nka Irembo. Uru ni urubuga rufasha abanyarwanda kubona serivise hafi ya zose z’’inzego z’ibanze hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga, bitabaye ngombwa ko umuntu ahora asiragira ku biro.
Ibi kandi binajyana n’uko izindi nzego zifatiye runini nk’amabanki na zo zihutiye gukoresha ikoranabuhanga, bigera no mu zindi nzego hafi ya zose, zirimo ubuhinzi, ubuzima, gutwara abantu mu modoka rusange no kuri moto, gukurikirana amasomo n’ibindi byinshi.
Kugeza ubu kandi, igihugu kiri muri gahunda ya ‘Connect Rwanda’ igamije gutanga telefoni zigezweho ku miryango itari isanzwe izifite. Iyi gahunda imaze gutangwamo telefoni zirenga 10 000, kandi mu zimaze guhabwa abaturage, hejuru ya 90% ziracyakoreshwa kandi neza.
Leta y’u Rwanda yashishikarije abashoramari kuzana inganda zikora ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga mu Rwanda. Nk’ubu mu Rwanda hakorerwa mudasobwa, telefoni ndetse hagateranyirizwa moto n’imodoka.
Mu mwaka ushize, imwe mu nkuru zavuzwe cyane ni icyogajuru igihugu cyohereje mu kirere, kizafasha mu bikorwa birimo gukwirakwiza murandasi aho itagera neza.
Muri uyu mwaka, igihugu cyashyizeho Ikigo gishinzwe iby’isanzure (RSA) kizafasha igihugu kubaka ubushobozi bwacyo mu bumenyi bw’isanzure, ku buryo mu myaka iri imbere, u Rwanda ruzaba rucuruza amakuru yo mu isanzure n’ibindi bihugu bya Afurika.
Uruganda rw’ibikorwa birebana n’isanzure ruri kwaguka ku Isi, kuko rubarirwa akayabo ka miliyari 400$, ariko ikaba ifitemo umugabane muto wa miliyari 7$ gusa.
Uko imyaka ishira, igihugu cyunguka ubumenyi mu isanzure, Afurika ishobora kuzaba isoko rinini ku Rwanda, cyane mu bijyanye no kugurisha amashusho yo mu isanzure n’ibindi.
U Rwanda rutakaza hafi miliyari imwe y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda buri mwaka rugura aya mashusho.
Igihugu kandi cyashyizeho ikigo gifasha urubyiruko rufite imishinga y’ikoranabuhanga kuyinononsora no kuyibyaza umusaruro, byanarimba bagashakirwa igishoro cyatuma bakabya inzozi zabo.
Ni mu gihe kandi ibigo bitanga serivise z’ikoranabuhanga nka AC Group ari bimwe mu bigo biri gukura ku kigero cyo hejuru, kandi bimaze imyaka itanu gusa.
Mu Rwanda kandi hari gahunda yo guha abana bato mudasobwa, gahunda izwi nka ‘One Laptop per Child’. Ni gahunda igamije gukomeza gushishikariza abana bato gutangira gukoresha ikoranabuhanga hakiri kare, ari na ko barushaho kurikunda bakazanaribyaza umusaruro.
Leta iri muri gahunda yo kugeza mudasobwa mu mashuri yisumbuye mu gihugu hose, ku buryo buri shuri rizagira icyitwa ‘smart classes.’ Aba iyo binjiye mu mashuri makuru, n’ubundi leta isanzwe iha inguzanyo ya mudasobwa, ku buryo bashobora no kwihugura kuri murandasi.
Coronavirus yashimangiye akamaro k’ikoranabuhanga mu Rwanda
Nta gushidikanya ko icyorezo cya Coronavirus cyahungabanyije u Rwanda n’Isi muri rusange. Gusa kimwe mu byo cyerekanye, ni uko n’ubundi u Rwanda rwakomeje guhanga amaso ikoranabuhanga mu gucyemura ibibazo byarwugarije cyane muri ibi bihe bikomeye.
Nk’urugero, mu gihembwe cya mbere cy’uyu mwaka, abakoresha ikoranabuhanga mu guhererekanya amafaranga biyongereyeho 86% ugereranyije n’umwaka ushize, mu gihe abakoresha ‘mobile banking’ bazamutseho 29% naho abakoresha ‘internet banking’ bazamukaho 71%.
Hari kandi uburyo bwa ‘robots’ bukoreshwa mu gufata ibipimo by’ubushyuhe ahantu hahurira abantu benshi nko ku kibuga cy’indege, bikagabanyiriza abaganga ibyago byo guhura n’umuntu ushobora kuba yaramaze kwandura Coronavirus, bityo na bo bakaba bakanduriramo.
Hanamuritswe kandi imashini yakozwe na SMS Group, ishyirwa ku irembo igapima umuriro, ndetse ikanasukura umuntu hakoreshejwe umuti wabugenewe (sanitizer), mbere y’uko yinjira ahahurira abantu benshi.
Mu Rwanda kandi hari ikoranabuhanga rikoreshwa mu gukurikirana abakekwaho Coronavirus, byose bigakorwa hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga ku buryo muri rusange byatumye ingano y’icyorezo iri mu gihugu ndetse n’aho kiri ikurikiranwa neza, ingamba zo kukirinda na zo zikaba zihuye n’ibikenewe.
Si ibi gusa ariko kuko ikoranabuhanga ryanifashishijwe mu guhangana na Coronavirus binyuze mu bukangurambaga. Mu rwego rwo kurushaho gutanga ubutumwa buburira abantu ku ngaruka za Coronavirus no gukebura abateshutse ku ngamba zo kuyirinda, Polisi y’u Rwanda iherutse gutangiza uburyo bwo gukoresha utudege duto (drones), mu gukwirakwiza ubutumwa bugamije gushishikariza abantu kwirinda iki cyorezo.
‘Drones’ si ikintu gishya mu buvuzi bw’u Rwanda kuko zimaze imyaka isaga ine zikora mu kujyana amaraso n’imiti aho ikenewe mu bitaro bitandukanye mu Rwanda, birimo n’ibiri ahantu hagoranye kugeza imodoka.
Iri koranabuhanga ryatangiriye mu Rwanda muri 2016, riza kugenda ryagurirwamo izindi serivise ndetse kuri ubu, ikigo Zipline kirishyira mu bikorwa kimaze kwagurira ibikorwa byacyo mu gihugu cya Ghana na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, ari na ho gikomoka.
Minisitiri w’Ikoranabuhanga na Inovasiyo mu Rwanda, Paula Ingabire, aherutse kuvuga ko u Rwanda rwashyizeho ingamba n’amategeko ashobora gutuma imishinga y’ikoranabuhanga ishyirwa mu bikorwa kandi igakurikiranwa neza, ku buryo itanga umusaruro witezwe.
Kuki u Rwanda rushishikajwe n’ikorabuhanga cyane?
Nta gushidikanya ko umuvuduko u Rwanda rugenderaho mu guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga uruta kure cyane uw’ibindi bihugu biri mu kigero kimwe mu bigendanye n’ingano y’ubukungu.
Minisitiri Ingabire asobanura ko u Rwanda rwahisemo gukoresha ubumenyi mu kubaka ubukungu burambye, bityo ko ikoranabuhanga ari ikiraro kizageza igihugu ku iterambere kirarikiye.
Yagize ati “turi igihugu kidafite umutungo kamere uhagije, niba rero utekereza kuzamura ubukungu, ugatekereza kuva mu bihugu bifite ubukungu buciriritse ukazamuka mu bifite uburinganiye ndetse n’ubuteye imbere, ugomba kureba ibirenze umutungo kamere.
Rero ikoranabuhanga twe riratubereye, kuko turikoresha hagamijwe kongera umusaruro ndetse rikazaba umusingi w’iterambere rirambye twifuza, rigomba gushingira ku ikoranabuhanga ndetse no guhanga udushya”.
Minisiteri y’ikoranabuhanga na Inovasiyo iri mu mushinga wo kuzajya ifasha abanyarwanda bafite ibikerezo bishobora kwagurwa, ndetse bimwe ikazajya ibigura ikabiteza imbere, kugira ngo na byo biteze imbere igihugu muri rusange.
Uruganda rwa Volkswagen ruteranyiriza imodoka mu Rwanda 
Icyogajuru ‘Icyerekezo’ cyoherejwe n’u Rwanda mu isanzure umwaka ushize. Kikazafasha mu kwihutisha murandasi cyanne aho itagera neza 
Mara Phones yashoye hafi miliyari 50 Frw mu kubaka uruganda rukora telefoni mu Rwanda 
Ikigo Zipline gikoresha utudege duto mu gukwirakwiza amaraso mu bitaro bitandukanye byo mu Rwanda 
Polisi y’u Rwanda iri kwifashisha utudege duto mu gutanga ubutumwa bwo kwirinda Coronavirus 
Robots ziri kwifashishwa mu gupima umuriro n’ibindi, zagabanyije ibyago by’abaganga bashobora kwanduzwa Coronavirus n’uwo bagiye kwitaho
Yanditswe na Kuya 19 Nzeri 2020
