U Rwanda n’u Bufaransa biri mu kwezi kwa buki nyuma yo kujya ku butegetsi kwa Perezida Emmanuel Macron wagaragaje impinduka muri byinshi muri politiki y’u Bufaransa ukurikije imyitwarire y’abamubanjirije.
Mu myaka yakurikiye Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri Mata 1994, aho Umunyarwanda yanyuraga Umufaransa yashoboraga kuhanyuza umuriro, ku Munyarwanda naho bikagenda gutyo kubera inzigo yari hagati y’ibihugu byombi ishingiye ku ruhare icyo gihugu cyagize muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.
Mu bakuru b’igihugu bane babanjirije Macron uhereye mu 1994, nta n’umwe wigeze yemera uruhare rw’igihugu cye rwagaragariraga n’ufite ubumuga bwo kutabona, mu mateka yagejeje kuri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi. Abenshi babyirindaga kuko babaga bafite uruhare rutaziguye muri ayo mateka cyangwa se baranywanye n’abanyapolitiki b’u Bufaransa bagize uruhare muri yo.
Mu 2017 haje Emmanuel Jean-Michel Frédéric Macron, umugabo w’imyaka 43, Jenoside yabaye ari ingimbi y’imyaka 16 yiga mu mashuri yisumbuye.
Ku bw’amahirwe, Macron yatsinze ntaho abogamiye atsindira ku itike y’ishyaka rye En Marche! ryari rishya mu Bufaransa, ntaho rihuriye n’amashyaka y’aba- Républicains n’aba-Socialiste yasimburanye ku buyobozi bw’icyo gihugu guhera mu myaka ya 1960.
Macron yazanye amatwara mashya mu bubanyi n’amahanga bw’u Bufaransa, ku ikubitiro asobanukirwa kandi agaragaza ubushake mu kwemera uruhare rw’igihugu cye muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.
Muri Mata 2019, yanditse amateka ashyiraho Komisiyo y’inzobere yari iyobowe na Prof Vincent Duclert, ngo icukumbure uruhare rw’icyo gihugu mu mateka yagejeje kuri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.
Duclert yashyize hanze raporo ya Komisiyo ye muri Werurwe uyu mwaka, agaragaza ko u Bufaransa bwagize uruhare rukomeye mu mateka yagejeje kuri Jenoside.
Ni ubwa mbere raporo yakozwe bigizwemo uruhare n’urwego rw’ubuyobozi mu Bufaransa yari yemeye ko icyo gihugu cyagize uruhare muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.
U Bufaransa bwatoje Interahamwe, butanga intwaro ku gisirikare cy’u Rwanda haba mbere no mu gihe cya Jenoside, bufasha abakoze Jenoside guhunga n’ibindi.
Yaruse Mitterand wapfuye atemera ko mu Rwanda habaye Jenoside
François Maurice Adrien Marie Mitterrand yayoboye u Bufaransa kuva muri Gicurasi 1981 kugeza Gicurasi 1995. Ku butegetsi bwe umubano w’u Rwanda n’u Bufaransa warasagambye, atanga inkunga y’uburyo wose haba mu iterambere n’ibindi.
Mitterrand wari mu ishyaka ry’abasosiyaliste yari nk’umubyeyi wa batisimu wa Perezida Habyarimana kuko ubwo ingabo za FPR Inkotanyi zatangizaga urugamba rwo kubohora igihugu, yamubaye hafi cyane.
Umugambi wo gutegura Jenoside Mitterrand yawumenye mbere ariko yica amatwi, akomeza gufasha Leta ya Habyarimana. Ibyo na Raporo Duclert ntibica ku ruhande kuko inyandiko z’ibyaberaga mu Rwanda buri mugoroba zamugeragaho.
Kubera ubufasha bwose yatanze mu gihe cya Jenoside, Mitterrand yarinze apfa mu 1996 ataremera ko mu Rwanda habaye Jenoside ndetse n’ubutegetsi bwa FPR Inkotanyi ntiyigeze abwemera.
Hashize amezi ane Jenoside ihagaritswe, François Mitterrand yanze gutumira abari abayobozi bashya b’u Rwanda mu nama ya 18 yahuje u Bufaransa n’ibihugu bya Afurika bikoresha Igifaransa yabereye muri Biarritz.
Muri iyo nama abanyamakuru babajije Mitterrand icyo avuga kuri Jenoside mu Rwanda, asubiza yumvikanisha ko hatabaye Jenoside imwe.
Ati “Muravuga iyihe Jenoside banyakubahwa, muravuga iriya Abahutu bakoreye Abatutsi cyangwa iyo Abatutsi bakoreye Abahutu?”
Tariki 13 Mutarama 1998, ikinyamakuru The Independent yanditse ko hari ubwo Mitterrand yigeze kuvuga ngo “Mu bihugu nka kiriya (u Rwanda) Jenoside si ikintu kidasanzwe.”
Mu magambo atandukanye Mitterrand yagiye avuga ku Rwanda, nta na hamwe yigeze agaragaza kwicuza ku ruhare rw’igihugu cye.
Jacques Chirac, umwigishwa wa Mitterrand
Muri Gicurasi 1995, Mitterrand yasimbuwe na Jacques Chirac wo mu ishyaka ry’aba-Républicains. Ku butegetsi bwe bwarangiye mu 2007, aho kuba ubusana umubano w’u Rwanda n’u Bufaransa bwarushijeho kuwuhuhura.
Kubana neza n’u Rwanda Chirac byamusabaga kubanza kwemera uruhare rw’igihugu cye muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi. Ibyo ntiyashoboraga kubikora kuko ayo mateka mabi na we yayagizemo uruhare. Uyu mugabo wapfuye mu 2019, yakoranye na Mitterrand amubereye Minisitiri w’intebe kuva mu 1986 kugeza mu 1988.
Chirac agifata ubutegetsi yahise agaragaza uruhande ariho kuko mu nama yahuje u Bufaransa n’ibihugu bya Afurika bikoresha Igifaransa yabereye muri Bénin mu 1995, yanze gutumira u Rwanda ahubwo inama ifungurwa n’umunota wo kwibuka Perezida Habyarimana.
Kuva mu 1994 kugeza mu 2000, abayobozi batandukanye bo mu bihugu byo hirya no hino bagiye baza mu Rwanda bamwe bagasaba imbabazi zo kuba ntacyo bakoze ngo bahagarike Jenoside. U Bubiligi bwarabikoze, Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika na Loni bose barabikoze ariko nta muyobozi w’u Bufaransa ukomeye wigeze abikora muri iyo myaka.
Mu 1997 hashyizwe Komisiyo y’Inteko Ishinga Amategeko yagombaga gucukumbura uruhare rw’u Bufaransa mu Rwanda. Iyo Komisiyo yayobowe n’umudepite wo mu ishyaka ry’abasosiyaliste rya Mitterrand, Paul Quilès.
Abanyarwanda cyane cyane abarokotse Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi bari biteze ko iyo Komisiyo igiye kugaragaza ukuri ku ruhare rw’u Bufaransa mu Rwanda ariko si ko byagenze.
Raporo y’iyo Komisiyo yasohotse mu Ukuboza 1998 ivuga ko nta ruhare rugaragara u Bufaransa bwabigizemo uretse ‘amakosa yo kudashishoza’.
Hubert Védrine wahoze ari umunyamabanga mukuru wa Perezida Mitterand akaba Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’Amahanga kuva mu 1997 kugeza 2002 ubwo yaganiraga na Komisiyo ya Paul Quilès yavuze ko nta kosa igihugu cye cyakoze mu gufasha Habyarimana.
Yagize ati “Kuba Perezida Habyarimana yari Umuhutu ntabwo byari ikibazo kuko Abahutu bagize 80% by’abaturage. Ubwo u Bufaransa bwari gushingira kuki bushyigikira abashaka kumuvanaho? »
Umubano w’u Rwanda n’u Bufaransa wari usanzwe ucumbagira wahumiye ku mirari mu 2006 ubwo umucamanza Jean-Louis Bruguière yasohoraga impapuro zita muri yombi abayobozi bakuru b’u Rwanda abashinja kugira uruhare mu ihanurwa ry’indege ya Habyarimana.
Byarakaje cyane u Rwanda ruhita rucana umubano n’u Bufaransa. Mu 2010 hari amakuru yasohowe na Wikileaks avuga ko Jean-Louis Bruguière mbere yo gusohora izo mpapuro yabanje kubyumvikanaho n’abayobozi barimo Perezida Chirac.
Sarkozy yimwe amaboko
Ubutegetsi bwa Nicolas Sarkozy mu 2007 bwaje umubano mubi ukomeje. Sarkozy yagaragaje ubushake bwo gutsura umubano n’u Rwanda ariko abura ubwinyagamburiro dore ko benshi mu bikomerezwa byo kwa Mitterrand byari bikiri mu buyobozi, abandi bavuga rikijyana.
Sarkozy yakomeje guhanyanyaza, mu 2009 umubano w’ibihugu byombi wongera kubyutswa. Byakurikiwe n’uruzinduko rwa mbere rudasanzwe rwa Perezida w’u Bufaransa mu Rwanda nyuma ya 1994, Sarkozy aza mu Rwanda muri Gashyantare 2010 asura urwibutso rwa Jenoside anemera ‘amakosa’ igihugu cye cyakoze.
Mu kiganiro yahaye abanyamakuru ari i Kigali yagize ati “Ntabwo twaje kwinezeza hano no gukina n’amagambo. Ibyabaye aha ntibikwiriye kandi birahamagarira umuryango mpuzamahanga n’u Bufaransa burimo, gutekereza ku makosa yakozwe yatumye hatabaho gukumira cyangwa guhagarika iki cyaha ndengakamere.”
Muri Nzeri 2011, Perezida Paul Kagame na we yagiriye uruzinduko rwa mbere mu Bufaransa, bishimangira ubushake hagati y’ibihugu byombi mu kuzahura umubano.
François Hollande yahoraga yibombaritse
Ubutegetsi bwa Sarkozy bwarangiye mu 2012 ibintu bitangiye kujya mu murongo hagati y’u Rwanda n’u Bufaransa ariko byongera gukonja ubwo yasimburwaga na François Hollande.
Uyu Hollande yagiye ku butegetsi ku iturufu y’ishyaka ry’abasosiyaliste ari naryo ryari ku butegetsi ubwo Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi yakorwaga. Birumvikana ko Hollande atari kwimena inda.
Uyu mugabo iby’u Rwanda n’igihugu cye yabigendeye kure, akajya aruma ahuha. Icyakora mu 2014, urukiko rwo mu Bufaransa rwakatiye Capt Simbikangwa Pascal igifungo cy’imyaka 25 kubera uruhare rwe muri Jenoside. Ni urubanza rwa mbere rwari rubereye muri icyo gihugu rurimo ushinjwa Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.
Mu 2016, ubutabera bw’u Bufaransa bwatangiye gukurikirana Octavien Ngenzi na Tito Barahira bahoze ari ba burugumesitiri mu gihe cya Jenoside. Bakatiwe burundu kubera ibyaha bya Jenoside.
Ubundi bushake bwa Hollande bwagaragajwe no gushyira ahagaragara inyandiko z’u Bufaransa zifite aho zihuriye n’u Rwanda mu gihe cya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi. Nubwo izo nyandiko zasohowe ari nke, zagaragaje amakuru y’uburyo icyo gihugu cyagiye gishyigikira Leta yateguraga Jenoside.
Umubano wakomeje kugenda biguru ntege no mu buryo bwa dipolomasi kuko mu 2015 Michel Flesch wari ambasaderi w’u Bufaransa mu Rwanda yasoje igihe cye ariko kugeza n’ubu ntarabona umusimbura, nubwo amakuru yizewe ahari ari uko uruzinduko rwa Macron muri iki cyumweru ruzasiga igihugu cye kibonye ambasaderi mushya mu Rwanda.
Inyungu kuri Emmanuel Macron mu kubanira neza u Rwanda
Muri Gicurasi 2018, Perezida Kagame yasuye u Bufaransa aganira na Perezida Macron bemeza kunoza umubano. Mu Ukuboza 2018, abacamanza b’u Bufaransa bahagaritse iperereza ku ihanurwa ry’indege ya Habyarimana ryari rimaze imyaka 20 rihora ritera umwuka mubi hagati y’ibihugu byombi.
Uretse Komisiyo Duclert, u Bufaransa bwanemeje tariki 7 Mata buri mwaka nk’umunsi wihariye wo kwibuka ‘Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi’.
Abashoramari bo muri iki gihugu kandi batangiye kubenguka u Rwanda, nk’aho “Groupe Duval” yashoye miliyoni 69 z’amadolari mu kubaka inyubako zigezweho zitabangamira ibidukikije ku Kimihurura ahahoze Minisiteri y’Ubutabera.
Kuri uyu wa Kane tariki 27 Gicurasi, Perezida Macron azatangira uruzinduko mu Rwanda ruzasozwa tariki ya 28 Gicurasi 2021. Ni urwa mbere Perezida w’u Bufaransa azaba agiriye mu Rwanda mu myaka icumi ishize, bikagaragaza icyerecyezo cy’ubuyobozi bwe.
Umusesenguzi muri Politiki, Albert Rudatsimburwa, yabwiye IGIHE ko ibihugu byombi bizungukira mu kugira umubano mwiza.
Ati “Kugirana umubano hagati y’ibihugu ni akarusho aho kugira umubano mubi. Nk’ubu u Bufaransa buri mu kanama ka Loni gashinzwe umutekano. Buriya hari igihe bamwe bashobora kukurwanya, abandi bakakuvugira harimo n’u Bufaransa.”
Hari bimwe mu bihugu biri muri ako kanama birimo u Bwongereza na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika byanze kwemeza inyito ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, nyamara u Bufaransa bwayemeje ku ikubitiro. Rudatsimburwa avuga ko ari ikimenyetso cyiza n’inyungu ku Rwanda.
Kuba u Bufaransa burimo benshi mu bakekwaho uruhare muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, ni andi mahirwe ku Rwanda kuko byakoroha kubakurikirana mu butabera.
U Rwanda ni kimwe mu bihugu byubashywe kandi bitekanye ku mugabane wa Afurika. Ibihugu byinshi byagize ibibazo by’umutekano cyangwa imvururu ku mugabane, feri ya mbere biyifatira i Kigali kugisha inama.
Rudatsimburwa yavuze ko ibyo u Bufaransa bubibona, bityo ko kubana neza n’u Rwanda ari andi mahirwe yo kwiyegereza ibindi bihugu ku mugabane.
Ati “Ishusho u Rwanda rufite abandi banyafurika n’u Bufaransa bamaze kubibona. Gukomeza guhangana n’u Rwanda kandi abandi banyafurika babona ko u Rwanda ari intangarugero mu bintu byinshi byaba ikibazo. Aho guhangana bashaka uko bakorana kuko birabazamura.”
Ibihugu byinshi bikomeye bibona Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo nk’ahantu hari inyungu haba mu buryo bwa politiki no mu ishoramari.
Kuba u Rwanda rubanye neza na Congo ndetse n’ibindi bihugu byo mu karere k’ibiyaga bigari, nabyo Rudatsimburwa abibona nk’ibyakuruye u Bufaransa.
Ku bafite impungenge ko u Bufaransa bwaba bwigira nyoni nyinshi ku Rwanda bufite ikindi kigambiriwe, Rudatsimburwa we si ko abibona.
Ati “Turi bakuru nta kintu twatinya. Ni ko ubuzima bumeze cyane cyane iyo hajemo politiki. Ibihe birahinduka ni yo politiki, ureba uko byifashe.”
Perezida François Mitterrand yari inshuti ikomeye ya Habyarimana Juvenal. Aha ni mu 1984 mu ruzinduko mu Rwanda 
Mitterrand yarinze ava ku isi atemera ko hari amakosa igihugu cye cyakoze mu Rwanda 
Mu 1995 ubwo Jacques Chirac yitabiraga inama yahuje ibihugu bikoresha Igifaransa, yabereye muri Benin 
Umubano w’u Rwanda n’u Bufaransa kubwa Chirac wari mubi cyane 
Mu 2010 ubwo Sarkozy yasuraga urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigali, akemera amakosa igihugu cye cyakoze yagejeje kuri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi 
Mu mwaka wa 2011, Perezida Kagame yasuye u Bufaransa, ruba uruzinduko rwa mbere Perezida w’u Rwanda yari agiriyeyo guhera mu 1994 
François Hollande yari umuntu wamize Politiki y’u Bufaransa isa neza n’iyo Mitterand yari yarimakaje 
Perezida Hollande asuhuza Perezid Kagame mu nama yahuje Afurika n’u Burayi mu 2014 
Emmanuel Macron yakoze ibyo benshi mu bamubanjirije bananiwe byo kwemera no kugaragaza uruhare rw’igihugu cye muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi 
Macron yazanye ubushake mu kunoza umubano w’u Rwanda n’u Bufaransa wari umaze imyaka myinshi warazambye
Yanditswe na Kuya 25 Gicurasi 2021
