Mu gihe habura amasaha make tugasoza umwaka wa 2011, twifuje kurebera hamwe bimwe mu by’ingenzi byaranze uyu mwaka mu byiciro bitandukanye haba muri Politiki, ububanyi n’amahanga, ubutabera, imibereho myiza y’abaturage, ubukungu, uburezi, ubuzima n’ibindi…
Uyu mwaka dusoza wa 2011 waranzwe n’impinduka nyinshi muri Politiki mu Rwanda, uretse impinduka hari abayobozi b’ibihugu by’amahanga bagendereye u Rwanda, ndetse habaye amatora atandukanye. Ibi byiyongeraho ingendo Perezida Kagame yagiriye mu hirya no hino mu gihugu no bihugu by’amahanga ndetse n’abayobozi bo hanze basuye u Rwanda.
Politiki
Habaye Inama y’Igihugu y’Umushyikirano yateranye kuva tariki 15 kugeza ku ya 16 Ukuboza, yitabirwa n’abayobozi mu nzego zose ndetse n’Abanyarwanda baba mu mahanga.
Iyi Nama y’Igihugu y’Umushyikirano yabaye ku nshuro ya cyenda ifite insanganyamatsiko igira iti “Twiheshe agaciro, twese tugire uruhare mu iterambere ryihuse”.
Mu mpera za Nzeli uyu mwaka hakozwe amatora y’Abasenateri bahagarariye intara enye n’umujyi wa Kigali. Aya matora yabaye tariki 26 Nzeli.
Abo basenateri 12 batowe mu buryo buziguye, hari babiri batowe mu buryo butaziguye ku itariki ya 27 Nzeli, barimo umwe uhagarariye kaminuza muri Sena, amashuli makuru n’ibigo by’ubushakashatsi bya Leta, hakaza n’undi uhagarariye kaminuza, amashuri makuru n’ibigo by’ubushakashatsi byigenga.
Uretse abo basenateri, 14 bagiyeho binyuze mu matora, abandi 8 bashyirwaho na Perezida wa Repubulika nk’uko abyemererwa n’itegeko nshinga, bane basigaye bagashyirwaho n’ihuriro ry’imitwe ya politike yemewe mu Rwanda. Aya matora y’abasenateri ntabwo yari ashingiye ku gupiganwa binyuze mu mitwe ya politike.
Abayobozi mu nzego za leta bahuriye mu nama y’ umwiherero yabereye I Rubavu, ku itariki 5 Werurwe.
Abayobozi bakuru bahinduriwe imirimo
Muri uyu mwaka dusoza, abayobozi batandukanye mu gihugu bahinduriwe imirimo :
Ashingiye ku Itegeko Nshinga rya Repubulika y’u Rwanda, Perezida wa Repubulika Paul Kagame yagize Pierre Damien Habumuremyi Umukuru wa Guverinoma y’u Rwanda kuwa Kane tariki ya 6 Ukwakira 2011, nk’uko itangazo ryashyizwe ahagaragara na Perezidansi ya Repubulika ribivuga.
Pierre Damien Habumuremyi yasimbuye kuri uyu mwanya Bernard Makuza wayoboye Guverinoma y’u Rwanda kuva ku wa 8 Werurwe 2000.
Ku itariki ya 7 Ukwakira 2011, Minisitiri w’Intebe Habumuremyi abyumvikanyeho na Perezida wa Repubulika yatangaje Guverinoma Nshya yinjiwemo n’Abaminisitiri batandatu bashya.
Ku itariki ya 5 Ukuboza, byatangajwe Dr. Vincent Biruta wahoze ayobora Sena yagizwe Minisitiri w’Uburezi mushya.
Dr. Ntawukuriryayo Jean Damascene yatorewe kuba Perezida wa Sena.
Minisiteri y’Urubyiruko yabonye Minisitiri mushya ; uwo ni Nsengimana Jean Philbert.
Ububanyi n’amahanga
Mu bubanyi n’amahanga turabagezaho mu ncamake ingendo Perezida Kagame yagiriye mu mahanga ndetse n’abayobozi bo mu mahanga bagendereye u Rwanda.
Perezida wa Somalia Sharif Sheikh Ahmed kuva ku itariki 10 Mata, yasuye u Rwanda yifatanya n’Abanyarwanda kunamira abazize Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi ndetse anagirana ibiganiro na Perezida w’u Rwanda Paul Kagame.
Tariki 29 Nyakanga uyu mwaka, Perezida wa Uganda Yoweri Museveni yagendereye u Rwanda mu ruzinduko rw’iminsi ine. Icyo gihe Museveni yitabiriye umuganda wo kubaka amashuri, anatanga umusanzu wo kubaka amashuri.
Perezida Kagame kuwa 11 Ukuboza yaherewe igihembo muri Uganda ku bw’uruhare rwe mu guha icyerekezo urubyiruko rw’Afurika.
Kuya 23 Ukuboza hatangijwe ku mugaragaro igikorwa cyo gusana umuhanda Mbarara-Kigali. Perezida Paul Kagame na mugenzi we wa Uganda Yoweri Kaguta Museveni bavuze ko iki ari igikorwa cy’ingenzi kuko uyu muhanda uzanoza ubuhahirane hagati y’ibihugu byombi.
Muri uyu muhango wabereye ku mupaka wa Gatuna uhuza u Rwanda na Uganda, Perezida Paul Kagame yavuze ko uyu muhanda uzagirira akamaro abaturage b’ibihugu byombi ndetse bikarengaho ukanakagirira abaturage b’akarere kose kuko bose bazawifashisha.
Tariki 28 Ukwakira, Perezida Paul Kagame yitabiriye inama y’abakuru b’ibihugu na za guverinoma bari mu muryango wa Commonwealth yabereye i Perth muri Australia. Ni inama yitabiriwe n’Umwamikazi w’u Bwongereza Elizabeth II unakuriye Commonwealth kuva mu myaka 60 ishize ; yari yitabiriwe kandi n’abayobozi bakuru b’ibihugu barimo Perezida Paul Kagame, ndetse n’abakuru ba za guverinoma n’intumwa baturutse mu bihugu 54 bigize Commonwealth.
Mu ijambo yagejeje ku bitabiriye inama yabimburiye izindi nyuma y’imihango y’itangizwa ku mugaragaro, Perezida Kagame yashimiye ibihugu ndetse n’abayobozi bashyigikiye ukwinjira kw’u Rwanda mu muryango wa Commonwealth, by’umwihariko ashimira igihugu cya Trinidad na Tobago ndetse n’Umunyamabanga Mukuru wa Commonwealth, Kamalesh Sharma.
Minisitiri w’Intebe akaba na Minisitiri w’Ingabo wa Côte d’Ivoire Guillaume Soro yageze mu Rwanda ku mugoroba wo kuwa ku wa Mbere tariki ya 7 Ugushyingo 2011, aho yari aje mu nama y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye igamije kwiga uko ibihugu byavuye mu ntambara byakwiyubakira amahoro arambye.
Ku itariki 21 Ugushyingo 2011, Perezida wa Congo, Denis Sassou N’Guesso yasesekaye ku kibuga cy’indege i Kanombe mu ma saa kumi n’imwe n’igice z’umugoroba, aho yari yaje mu ruzinduko rw’iminsi itatu rusubiza urwo Perezida w’u Rwanda yari yagiriye i Brazzaville mu mwaka ushize.
Ku itariki ya 28 Gicurasi, Perezida Kagame yari mu muhango w’irahira rya Perezida wa Nigeria, aho Perezida Kagame yari umwe mu bakuru b’ibihugu na za guverinoma basaga 30 batumiwe mu muhango w’irahira rya Perezida Goodluck Jonathan wari watsinze amatora y’Umukuru w’Igihugu.
Kuya 12 Nzeli, Perezida Paul Kagame yagiriye uruzinduko rw’akazi rw’iminsi itatu mu Bufaransa, urwa mbere Umukuru w’igihugu cy’u Rwanda agiriye muri iki gihugu nyuma ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, aho yakiriwe na mugenzi we w’u Bufaransa Nicolas Sarkozy mu nyubako ya Élysée, bagirana ibiganiro mu gihe kingana n’isaha n’igice ; aho bibanze ku kurebera hamwe uburyo umubano hagati y’ibihugu byombi warushaho gushimangirwa habaho kurushaho guteza imbere ubuhahirane hagati y’ibihugu byombi, hirindwa guheranwa n’amateka, ahubwo hakabaho kureba ejo hezaza.
Ku itariki ya 5 Ukwakira, Umukuru w’igihugu cya Nigeria, Goodluck Ebele Jonathan yagiriye uruzinduko Kigali rw’iminsi ibiri i Kigali.
Kuya 19 Mata, Uwahoze ari Minisitiri w’Ubuzima mu Rwanda, Dr Richard Sezibera yagizwe Umunyamabanga Mukuru w’Umuryango w’Afurika y’Iburasirazuba.
Hari hashize iminsi mike bitangajwe ko u Rwanda ari rwo rwatorewe umwanya w’Ubunyamabanga Bukuru bwa East African Community. Nyuma yo kubiganiraho, inama iri kubera muri Tanzania yemeje ko Docteur Sezibera Richard abaye Umunyamabanga Mukuru w’Umuryango w’Afurika y’Iburasirazuba (EAC).
Ku itariki ya 30 Ugushyingo 2011, Perezida Paul Kagame yitabiriye Inama Nkuru yiga ku ikoreshwa ry’inkunga ihabwa ibihugu biri mu nzira y’amajyambere i Busan muri Koreya y’Epfo.
Ihuzwa ry’ibigo mu Rwanda
Ikigo cy’ubushingizi bw’abakozi (Rwanda Social Security Board) : Gishinzwe kugenzura no guhuza ibikorwa by’inzego zirimo ikigo cy’igihugu cy’ubwishingizi bw’ubuzima (RAMA) n’ isanduku y’ubwiteganyirize bw’abakozi (CSR).
Ikigo cy’igihugu cy’ubuhinzi (Rwanda Agricultural Board) : Gishinzwe gucunga kwita ku kigo gishinzwe iterambere ry’ubuhinzi (RADA) n’ikigo cy’ubushakashatsi mu by’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi (ISAR) ndetse n’ikigo cyita ku matungo (RARDA).
Ikigo gishinzwe kohereza hanze ibikomoka ku buhinzi (Rwanda Agricultural Export Development Board) : Gishinzwe ikigo cyita ku ikawa (OCIR-CAFÉ), ikindi kigo cyita ku cyayi(OCIR -THE) n’ikigo cyita ku mboga n’indabyo (RHODA).
Ikigo cyita ku buvuzi mu gihugu (Rwanda Bio-Medical Centre) : Gishinzwe kwigisha no kugenzura abavuzi, no kwita ku bitaro bya King Faisal, Laboratwari y’Icyitegererezo, Trac Plus, ikigo gishinzwe itumanaho mu by’ubuzima, icyita ku gutanga amaraso, kwita ku miti.
Ikigo cy’igihugu cy’uburezi (Rwanda Education Board) : Kireberera ibigo birimo igishinzwe gutegura imfashanyigisho mu mashuri, ubugenzuzi bukuru bw’uburezi, igishinzwe gutegura ibizamini bya leta, icyita ku guha inguzanyo abanyeshuri yo kwiga n’icyita ku ikoranabuhanga mu burezi n’iyakure (ICT in Education and Open Distance e-learning).
Havutse n’ibindi bigo bitandukanye harimo icyita kur za gereza (Rwanda Correctional Services), icyita ku bwikorezi (Transport Development Board), icyita ku ngufu n’amazi (Energy and Water Development Board) ndetse n’icyita ku myubakire (Urban Housing Development Board).
Ubukungu
Ubukungu bw’ u Rwanda bwiyongereyeho 8.8% naho ifaranga ry’ u Rwanda rita agaciro ku kigereranyo cya 7.6%. Guverineri wa Banki Nkuru y’Igihugu Claver Gatete yavuze ko ifaranga ry’u Rwanda rizata agaciro ku kigero cya 7.5% bitewe n’ibibazo bitandukanye by’ubukungu byibasiye isi muri iki gihe.
Uwo muyobozi kandi yavuze ko ubukungu bw’u Rwanda buziyongeraho 7.6% mu gihe muri uyu mwaka bwiyongereyeho 8.8%.
Mu bibazo yavuze bizabangamira ubukungu cyangwa binabubangamiye muri iki gihe harimo ubukungu bw’u Burayi butifashe neza kandi ariho u Rwanda rwohereza ibicuruzwa byinshi, impinduramatwara mu bihugu by’Abarabu zatumye igiciro cya peteroli kizamuka, mu gihe imyenda ya Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika igabanya agaciro k’idolari n’andi madevize.
Mu bijyanye no korohereza ishoramali u Rwanda rwaje ku mwanya wa mbere mu bihugu byo muri Afurika y’Iburasirazuba, ruza ku mwanya wa gatatu mu bihugu byo munsi y’Ubutayu bwa Sahara, ndetse ruza no ku mwanya wa 45 ku rwego rw’isi. Muri raporo yashyizwe ahagaragara na Banki y’Isi, i Washington muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika igaragaza uko ibihugu bigenda bitandukana mu korohereza no kureshya abashoramari, u Rwanda rwaje ku mwanya wa mbere mu bihugu byo muri Afurika y’Iburasirazuba, ruza ku mwanya wa gatatu mu bihugu byo munsi y’Ubutayu bwa Sahara nyuma y’Ibirwa bya Maurice na Afurika y’Epfo, ndetse ruza no ku mwanya wa 45 ku rwego rw’isi.
Banki ya Kigali yashyize ku isoko imigabane yayo, ku itariki 6 Nyakanga 2011 Perezida wa Repubulika Paul Kagame yahise agura imigabane muri iyi banki, nk’uko twabitangarijwe n’Umuyobozi Mukuru wa Banki ya Kigali James Gatera, Perezida wa Repubulika yaguze kuri iyi migabane mu rwego rwo guteza imbere isoko ry’imigabane ndetse no kubera intangarugero abandi Banyarwanda mu kugira umuco wo kwizigamira.
Yakomeje avuga ko Banki ya Kigali imaze kwaguka, ikaba yarashyizeho ubu buryo mu rwego rwego rwo guha amahirwe Abanyarwanda ngo biteze imbere, kandi ko bazakomeza gushishikariza abashoramari hirya no hino kwitabira iri soko.
E-Soko watsinidiye igihembo gihabwa za guverinoma n’ ibigo bikoresha ikoranabuhanga mu guteza no kunoza gahunda zigenerwa abaturage.
U Rwanda rwegukanye imyanya ibiri muri itatu ya mbere mu marushanwa y’ ubwiza bw’ icyayi yabereye I Mombasa muri Kenya. Aho icyayi cya Gisovu cyaje ku mwanya wa mbere naho icyayi cya Kitabi kiza ku mwanyab wa gatatu.
Ikoranabuhanga n’ itumanaho
U Rwanda rwakiriye inama mpuzamahanga ku ishyirwaho ry’ umurongo mugari w’ itumanaho (Broadband). Iyi nama yitabiriwe n’ umuherwe wa mbere ku isi Carlos Silm hamwe na Perezida Paul Kagame bafatanije kuyobora komisiyo ya Broadband.
Umuyoboro wa Fibre optique wubatswe ku burebure bwa kilometero 2300 utwara akayabo ka miliyari 57 z’ amafaranga y’ u Rwanda.
Imwe muri sosiyete z’ itumanaho zikomeye mu Rwanda, Rwandatel yahagaritswe kuri serivisi z’ itumanaho rigendanwa.
Telefoni za BlackBerry zagize ibibazo guhera ku gicamunsi cyo kuwa Mbere tariki 10 Ukwakira 2011.
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na IGIHE.com bwerekanye ko imbuga za internet z’ uturere zidashyirwaho amakuru nk’uko bikwiye.
Ubukerarugendo
Ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe iterambere(RDB), ishami ry’ubukerarugendo ryitabiriye JATA, Ihuriro Mpuzamhanga ngarukamwaka ry’ubukerarugendo ryabereye mu gihugu cy’u Buyapani kuva ku itariki 29 Nzeli kugeza kuri 2 Ukwakira 2011.
Hatangijwe imirimo yo kubaka uruzitiro rutandukanya Parike y’ Akagera n’ abaturage, ibi byaje bikurikira uko Abaturage baturiye Parike y’Igihugu y’Akagera binubiraga uburyo inyamaswa ziyisohokamo zikabonera imyaka ndetse zikica cyangwa zigakomeretsa abayituriye.
Umusozi wa Rubavu uri mu karere ka Rubavu, watangiye gutunganyirizwa kugorwa ahantu nyaburanga, haratunganywa ku buryo abantu bashobora kuhatemberera bakirebera ubwiza bwa Gisenyi. Ni ubusitani bwa hegitari 62,5 buzaba burimo utuyira twiza tw’amapave, butewe pasiparumu, indabo zitandukanye n’ibiti byiza bitanga amahumbezi ku bazaba batembereye kuri uwo musozi witegeye umugi wa Rubavu, Goma ndetse n’ikiyaga cya Kivu.’
Ikigo cy’ Igihugu cy’Iterambere RDB cyatangije ubukerarugendo bwa Congo-Nile trail, ahakorwa urugendo rw’ ibilometero 227 uturutse mu karere ka Rubavu ukagera muri Rusizi, unyuze ku nkengero z’ ikiyaga cya Kivu.
Ku nshuro ya karindwi mu Rwanda, habaye umuhango wo Kwita Izina aho abana 22 b’ ingagi bahawe amazina atandukanye.
Ubutabera
Perezida w’ Urukiko rw’ Ikirenga Madamu Aloysie Cyanzayire yasimbuwe kuri uyu mwanya ya Prof Sam Rugege.
U Rwanda rwakiriye inama nyunguranabitekerezo ku ikurwaho ry’igihano cy’urupfu yitabiriwe n’ impuguke ziturutse mu bihugu 20 by’Afurika, aho Perezida Paul Kagame yatangaje ko u Rwanda ruticuza kuba rwarakuyeho igihano cy’ urupfu.
Col Bagosora Theonetse ufatwa nk’ umucurabwenge wa Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi yakatiwe igifungo cy’imyaka 35 naho Ngirumpatse Mathieu na Eduard Karemera bari abayobozi bakuru ba MRND bakaitwa igihano cya burundu.
Inama y’ abaminisitiri yo kuwa 18 Ugushyingo, yemeje ko abagororwa 1667 barekurwa by’ agateganyo, ibi bikaba bireba abarangije byibura ¼ cy’ igifungo bakatiwe naho ku bakatiwe burundu bakaba bagomba kuba bamaze byibura imyaka 10 bafunze.
Guhera muri Nyakanga, Urukiko rukuru rwatangiye kuburanisha mu mizi abantu 30 bakekwaho guhungabanya umutekano w’ u Rwanda bafashijwe n’ umutwe wa FDLR.
Kuva muri Gicurasi urukiko rukuru rwa Repubulika rwatangiye kuburanisha mu mizi urubanza ruregwamo Ingabire Victoire na bagenzi be bane baregwa ibyaha bitandukanye birimo : amacakubiri, kwamamaza ibihuha bigamije kugumura rubanda, ingengabitekerezo ya Jenoside, kurema umutwe witwara gisirikare n’ ibindi.
Diaspora
Perezida Kagame yasuye Abanyarwanda baba mu mahanga ku munsi wahariwe u Rwanda “Rwanda Day” wabereye i Chicago muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika, aho yahuye n’ abanyarwanda barenga ibihumbi bitatu.
Ku itariki 12 Nzeli, Abanyarwanda baba mu Bufaransa no mu bindi bihugu by’ i Burayi bahuye na Perezida Kagame mu biganiro byabereye i Paris.
Abanyarwanda baba hanze bitabiriye gahunda zitandukanye z’ iterambere zirimo kurwanya nyakatsi, aho bateguye imurikagurisha ryari rigamije gukusanya amafaranga yo kubakira ababaga muri Nyakatsi.
Ku itariki ya 10 Ukuboza, abanyarwanda baba muri Senegal bamuritse ibyo u Rwanda rwagezeho, mu muhango wabereye i Dakar wahawe izina rya ’Rwanda Discovery Day’.
Abanyarwanda baba mu gihugu cy’ u Bubiligi mu gace ka Matonge, bibasiwe n’Abanyekongo bari mu myigaragambyo yo kwamagana Perezida Kabila, ku itariki ya 5 Ukuboza.
Iminsi y’ ingenzi
Umunsi wahariwe kwibuka Intwali, wizihijwe hirya no hino mu midugudu, ku itariki ya Mbere Gashyantare 2011.
Kwibuka Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi ku nshuro ya 17 byatangijwe ku itariki 7 Mata ufite insanganyamatsiko igira iti :”Dushyigikire ukuri, twihesha agaciro.”
Ku itariki 4 Nyakanga, hijihijwe umunsi wo kwibohoza ku nshuro ya 17 wari ufite insanganyamatsiko igira iti : “Dukomeze twiyubakire icyerekezo kitubereye.”
Zimwe mu nkuru zavuzwe cyane
Inkuru y’uko Habineza Joseph yeguye ku mwanya wa Minisitiri w’urubyiruko
Ukugaruka mu Rwanda kwa Pierre Celestin Rwigema
Inkuru y’urupfu rwa Jessica Igihozo
Mu myidagaduro inkuru yavuzweho cyane ni iy’abakobwa biyamariza kuba ba nyampinga muri SFB, yatanzweho ibitekerezo 351 ; inkuru yasomwe cyane ni iy’igihe Knowless yatangazaga ko akundana na Safi by’ukuri yasomwe inshuro zigera ku 227574.
Uwavuga ibyaranze uyu umwaka wa 2011 ntiyabirangiza byose kuko ni byinshi cyane, iyi ni inshamake twari twabereranyirije. Tubifurije Umwaka mushya muhire wa 2012.
Ikipe ya IGIHE.com
www.igihe.com/spip.php?article19613
Posté par rwandanews
