Perezida wa RDC, Félix Antoine Tshisekedi yongeye kuyobya abantu, ubwo yavugaga ko u Rwanda ari rwo rutubahirije imyanzuro ya Luanda igamije gushaka umuti urambye w’ibibazo mu Burasirazuba bwa Congo, mu gihe ibihamya byose bigaragaza ko uruhande rwe ari rwo rwinangiye ku bigomba gukorwa.
Kuva umwuka mubi watangira ku ruhande rw’u Rwanda na RDC, ibiganiro by’ubuhuza biyobowe na Perezida wa Angola, Joao Lourenco, byashyizwemo imbaraga, ariko byagera ku ruhande rwa RDC, ibintu bigahindura isura.
Ubwo yari mu Budage, Tshisekedi yagiranye ikiganiro na DW, abazwa ku maherezo y’ibibazo by’umutekano muke mu Burasirazuba bwa Congo, ariko mu gusubiza, ibintu byose abyegeka ku bandi, yerekana ko iwe byera de!
Ati “Hari gahunda ya Perezida wa Angola, Joao Lourenco, washyize imbere gahunda zigamije amahoro inshuro nyinshi, ariko zabangamiwe na Kagame n’ubutegetsi bwe.”
Mu mvugo ya Tshisekedi, yumvikanishaga ko aho ibintu bigeze ari igerageza rya nyuma, ko ngo ashaka guha amahirwe inzira y’amahoro mbere y’uko ashyira mu bikorwa umugambi yigeze kuvuga, wo gushoza intambara ku Rwanda.
Ati “Ndashaka guha amahirwe inzira y’amahoro uko byagenda kose. Gusa ntabwo ari uko turi abanyantege nke, kandi ntabwo tuzakomeza kwihangana gutya ngo dutegereje amahoro.”
Ibyo Tshisekedi yavugaga, ku bantu batabizi, bashobora gukeka ko ari ukuri, mu gihe ibimenyetso bihari bigaragaza ibitandukanye.
Imyanzuro ya Luanda isaba RDC kwitandukanya n’imitwe irimo FDLR, nka kimwe mu bibangamiye umutekano w’u Rwanda.
Igena ko imitwe y’iterabwoba nka FDLR-FOCA, inyeshyamba za Red-Tabara, ADF n’indi yose ikorera ku butaka bwa RDC igomba gushyira intwaro hasi igatangira gusubira iwabo nk’uko byafashweho umwanzuro mu biganiro bya Nairobi.
Uwo mwanzuro kuva watangazwa mu nama Tshisekedi we ubwe yari arimo, ibyakurikiyeho ni agahomamunwa. Ubutegetsi bwe bwashyize imbaraga mu bufatanye na FDLR mu bikorwa byo guteza umutekano muke mu Rwanda.
FDLR yatangiye gukorana na FARDC byeruye mu gihe umutwe wa M23 wari ukajije ibitero. Tshisekedi mu kiganiro yagiranye na DW, yirengagije raporo zivuga ku mikoranire y’igisirikare cye na FDLR.
Hari Raporo ya Loni igaragaza ko mu mpera z’Ukuboza 2022 na Mutarama 2023, Gen Chico Tshitambwe wari uwa kabiri mu buyobozi bukuru ushinzwe kurwanya M23, yatumije inama eshatu hagati y’abayobozi bakuru muri FARDC n’abayobozi b’imitwe yitwaje intwaro, yabereye i Goma, ngo hanzurwe kuri ubu bufatanye.
Raporo ikomeza igira iti « Mu nama yo muri Mutarama, yanitabiriwe n’abayobozi ba FDLR-Forces combattantes abacunguzi (FOCA), buri muyobozi w’umutwe witwaje intwaro yahawe $5,000 ndetse bizezwa ko bazahabwa intwaro zikwiriye. »
Muri icyo gihe ngo abo bayobozi b’imitwe yitwaje intwaro banahuye n’abajenerali barimo Mayanga na Mugabo, ngo bemeranye ku bikoresho n’inkunga y’amafaranga bakeneye byo gufasha ARP.
Hatangwa urugero rw’uko inama mpuzabikorwa yabereye muri Hotel Nyarusumba muri Kitshanga, ku wa 10 na 11 Ukuboza 2022.
Ibi byose ni ibikorwa bihonyora imyanzuro ya Luanda igamije gushakira amahoro ibibazo by’umutekano muke mu Burasirazuba bwa Congo.
Yabeshye ku mpamvu abakoze Jenoside bemerewe kwinjirana intwaro mu gihugu cye
Tshisekedi yavuze ko mu myaka 30 ishize, Umuryango Mpuzamahanga wasabye igihugu cye gufungura imipaka, kugira ngo gihe ubuhingiro abantu bari bari guhunga kubera Jenoside yabaga mu Rwanda.
Ati “Icyo gihe, n’Abajenosideri barinjiye. Binjirana n’intwaro zabo kuko itegeko ryari ryatanzwe riturutse ahandi, mu muryango mpuzamahanga, ko bakwinjirana intwaro zabo.”
Aya magambo ya Tshisekedi arimo kwirengagiza ukuri. Yirengagije umubano wari hagati y’ubutegetsi bwariho mu Rwanda no muri Zaire. Icyo gihe Habyarimana wayoboraga u Rwanda, yafataga Mobutu Sese Seko wa Zaire nka se muri Batisimu ku buryo umugambi wa Jenoside bawumvaga kimwe.
Tshisekedi yirengagije ko hari ibindi bihugu byahaye karibu impunzi, ariko bikanga ko zinjirana intwaro. Ni ko byagenze kuri Tanzania, kuko yasabye ko buri wese ushaka kwinjira mu gihugu yasiga intwaro ze.
Hari ifoto y’ikirundo cy’imihoro yasakaye cyane kuri internet ivuga ibijyanye na Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu Rwanda; iyo foto yafatiwe ku mupaka w’u Rwanda na Tanzania ubwo impunzi zivanze n’abicanyi zinjiriga muri iki gihugu , nzego z’umutekano zibaka intwaro zose bari bitwaje harimo n’iza gakondo.
Ubwo impunzi zivanze n’abicanyi zinjiraga muri Tanzania zagenderaga ku mategeko y’icyo gihugu gifatanyije n’Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye rishinzwe impunzi. Polisi y’icyo gihugu ni yo yacunganga umutekano mu nkambi z’impunzi.
Ibi ariko bitandukanye n’ibyaberaga muri Zaire. Ingabo z’abicanyi zinjiye muri icyo gihugu zifite intwaro nto n’iziremereye, ibyatumye haba akavuyo n’ubugizi bwa nabi mu nkambi.
Mu gihe Tanzania yashyize impunzi kure y’umupaka kandi ikambura intwaro abicanyi, bitandukanye cyane n’ibyabereye muri Zaire kuko batambuwe intwaro ahubwo batuzwa hafi n’umupaka w’u Rwanda mu ntera itagera ku bilometero bibiri.
Mu nkambi z’impunzi muri Tanzania ibiryo byatangwaga n’inzego zishinzwe umutekano ariko muri Zaire, ingabo z’abicanyi zari zishinzwe gutanga ibiryo, bakabinyereza bakabiguramo intwaro n’Ingabo za Zaire.
Mu Ugushyingo 1994, imiryango y’abaterankunga igera kuri 15 yanditse ivuga ko igiye guhagarika ibikorwa by’ubutabazi niba abicanyi aribo bashinzwe gutanga ibiryo kandi ibyinshi babinyereza bakabigurisha ku masoko yo muri Zaire.
Tshisekedi ubwo yavugaga kuri iki kibazo, yirengagije amagambo yakunze kuvugwa na se, Etienne Tshisekedi, wakunze ko igihugu cye cyakoze amakosa mu guha rugari abakoze Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, kuko bagomba kwamburwa intwaro mbere. Etienne Tshisekedi mbere y’uko apfa, yavugaga iryo ariryo zingiro ry’ibibazo by’urudaca hagati y’u Rwanda na RDC.
Tshisekedi yongeye kugoreka imvugo ku mvano y’ibibazo by’umutekano muke mu Burasirazuba bwa Congo
Yagarutse ku mabuye y’agaciro, agereka ku Rwanda amakosa y’abandi
Mu kiganiro na DW, Tshisekedi yabajijwe ku ibaruwa igihugu cye giherutse kwandikira uruganda rwa Apple, kivuga ko amabuye yifashishwa mu gukora ibikoresho byayo, aba yabonetse mu buryo butemewe.
Tshisekedi yavuze ko u Rwanda rwihaye uburenganzira bwo gukurikirana abajenosideri bari barinjiye ku butaka bw’igihugu cye, gusa ngo mu kubikora, rwaje kuvumbura ko muri icyo gihugu hari amabuye y’agaciro, rutangira kuyasahura rukoranye n’umuryango mpuzamahanga.
Ati “Rwakoranye n’Umuryango Mpuzamahanga mu buryo bwarubashishije gucuruza aya mabuye yabonetse mu bugizi bwa nabi […] kuva icyo gihe u Rwanda, rwabaye igihugu gihagarariye umuryango mpuzamahanga mu bijyanye n’aya mabuye.”
Umuvugizi wa Guverinoma y’u Rwanda, Yolande Makolo, aherutse gutangaza ko iyo mvugo ya RDC ihabanye n’ukuri, ahubwo ko ari ibirego bidafite ishingiro iki gihugu gihora gisubiramo mu gushaka “kugaragara no gukurura itangazamakuru” bifashishije izina ry’ibigo bikomeye ku Isi nka Apple.
Ati “Ni ibindi bikorwa bififitse bya Guverinoma ya RDC ikomeza iteka gushaka guyobya uburari yifashishije guhimbira u Rwanda ibirego bidafite ishingiro.”
Ibyo Tshisekedi yavuze, ku batazi ukuri, bashobora gutekereza ko ari uko byagenze, mu gihe abayobozi bashinzwe amabuye y’agaciro mu gihugu cye, bakunze kuvuga ko ntaho u Rwanda ruhuriye n’iki kibazo ahubwo ko amakosa yakozwe na Guverinoma yabo ishutswe n’abo yita abafatanyabikorwa mpuzamahanaga.
Albert Yuma Mulimbi, wabaye Perezida wa Gecamines [Ikigo cy’ubucukuzi n’Ubucuruzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro], yahishuye uburyo Leta ya Congo igenzurwa n’inama z’abo yita abafatanyabikorwa bayo, ikabarekurira umutungo kamere wayo mu cyizere cy’uko bizayinjiriza akayabo ariko amaso agahera mu kirere.
Muri abo bafatanyabikorwa, yakomoje ku Kigega Mpuzamahanga cy’imari (FMI) na Banki y’Isi babwira Congo ngo ‘mwebwe Leta ya Congo nta bushobozi bw’amafaranga mufite yo gutunganya no kubyaza umusaruro umutungo kamere wanyu, turabagira inama yo kubyegurira abafatanyabikorwa mpuzamahanga babizobereyemo kandi bafite ubushobozi bwo kubiteza imbere’.
Mulimbi yavuze ko hari toni zirenga miliyoni zoherezwa hanze n’ibigo by’abanyamahanga ariko ntibitange nibura 17% mu isanduku ya leta, kandi ko ibyo bimaze imyaka hagati ya 15 na 20.
Ati “Impamvu ni uko ibyo bigo bifata ibirombe [amabuye y’agaciro ya Congo] bikabitangaho ingwate mu mabanki yo hanze bikaguza amafaranga aho kuzana igishoro, bikazana inguzanyo ku nyungu irenze 10% kandi tuzi ko bazifashe kuri 2 cyangwa 3%”.
Bimwe mu bigo yatunze urutoki harimo TFM (Tenke Fungulume Mining), KCC (Kamoto Copper Company) n’ibindi byo mu Burengerazuba bw’Isi n’iby’Abashinwa.
RDC icukura toni zirenga miliyoni imwe z’umuringa [Cuivre] na toni zirenga ibihumbi 100 za Cobalt. Uruhare runini rw’ubu bucukuzi rukorwa n’amasosiyete y’abanyamahanga asahura umutungo kamere w’iki gihugu nta nkomyi.
Ishami rishinzwe iby’Ubucukuzi bw’Amabuye y’Agaciro muri RDC, rivuga ko 70 % by’ibirombe by’amabuye y’agaciro muri RDC bigenzurwa na Sosiyete zo mu Bushinwa, ibisigaye bikagabanwa n’amasosiyete yo muri Amerika n’i Burayi.
Kugira ngo ibyo bigo mpuzamahanga bigere muri RDC, ntabwo ari u Rwanda rwabijyanyeyo, ibyo byose Tshisekedi amaze igihe kinini adashaka kubibona.
Raporo y’Ikigo gishinzwe Ubugenzuzi bw’Imari muri Congo, iherutse kugaragaza guhera mu 2010-2020, mu misoro y’amabuye y’agaciro isaga miliyoni 600 z’amadolari, asaga miliyoni 400$ ntiyageze mu isanduku ya Leta.
Muri iyo myaka icumi, Gecamines yungutse miliyari 2 z’amadolari ariko miliyari 1,5$ yakoreshejwe mu kwishyura imishahara y’abayobozi bakuru b’icyo kigo n’ingendo zabo mu mahanga.
