– Icyemezo cya leta ntikigamije kugira umunyeshuri kibuza kwiga;
– Yijeje abaturage ko nta mwana w’umuyobozi uzajya ku rutonde rw’abazarihirwa .

Nyuma y’uko Leta y’u Rwanda ifashe icyemezo cyo guhagarika amafaranga ibihumbi 25 yahabwaga abanyeshuri bo mu mashuri makuru na za kaminuza bagenerwa iyo nguzanyo na leta, icyo cyemezo cyavuzweho byinshi n’Abanyarwanda bo mu ngeri zose nk’ababyeyi ariko cyane cyane n’abanyeshuri cyarebaga.

Abanyeshuri twabashije kuvugana nabo, abenshi bavugaga ko ayo mafaranga akuweho mu gihe bari bafite icyizere ko aziyongera dore ko ubusanzwe atari ahagije. Ngo icyemezo cyo kuyahagarika bakicyumva bakubiswe n’inkuba, ndetse abenshi bakaba bibaza uko imyigire yabo izamera igihe bazaba batagihabwa ayo mafaranga.

Ni muri urwo rwego mu gitondo cyo kuri uyu wa kane IGIHE.COM yagiranye ikiganiro imbonankubone cyihariye (exclusif) na Minisitiri w’ Uburezi, Dr. Charles Murigande, kikaba cyaribanze kuri iyo ngingo:

Igihe.com: Mwaramutse Nyakubahwa Minisitiri?

Minisitiri Murigande: Mwaramutse namwe.

Igihe.com: Ikiganiro cyacu kiribanda ku ikurwaho ry’amafaranga ibihumbi 25 yahabwaga abanyeshuri bafashwa na leta muri kaminuza, kuko icyo cyemezo cyavuzweho byinshi.

Gahunda y’ Uburezi bw’ibanze bw’imyaka 9 ishyirwaho, byari muri gahunda yo gushaka uburyo byibura umwana w’Umunyarwanda yazajya aba yarize icyo cyiciro. Ese nibahabwa uburyo bwo gukomeza mu cyiciro gikurikiyeho ntibashobora kuzaba benshi ku buryo nabo munanirwa kubafasha ?

Minisitiri Murigande: Birashoboka ko abanyeshuri bashobora kuzaba benshi ku buryo ubushobozi bwo kubigisha butaboneka. Erega n’ubundi niko byari bimeze kuva na mbere! Hari igihe abanyeshuri barangizaga mu mashuri abanza ari benshi, ubushobozi bwo kubigisha muri segonderi ari bukeya. Ariko uko igihugu kigenda gitera imbere tuza kugera aho turavuga tuti  » non, ubushobozi bwo kubigisha ku buryo bagera kuri 9 Year Basic Education burahari. » Ubu noneho turimo turareba ku buryo tutabahagarikira kuri 9 Year Basic Education, ahubwo ku buryo bamwe bakomeza bajya mu kindi cyiciro mu mashami atandukanye. Icyo dukeneye kumenya ni uko umwana urangije icyo cyiciro cy’imyaka 9 afite icyo arusha uwarangije imyaka 6. N’ejo nidukomeza kuzamuka akarangiza segonderi azaba ameze neza kurusha uw’imyaka 9. Ibyo rero tuzajya tugenda tubireba twagura dukurikije ubushobozi bw’igihugu.

Igihe.com: Nyakubahwa Minisitiri, nta mpungenge mwaba mutewe no kuzabura abakozi bashoboye mu minsi iri imbere igihe abanyeshuri bamwe bazaba batashoboye gukomeza kwiga?

Minisitiri Murigande: Hari ikintu Abanyarwanda bose bakwiriye gusobanukirwa. Buruse igira ibice bibiri. Hari igice cya mbere cy’amafaranga ahabwa umuntu wemerewe gushyigikirwa na leta kugirango ashobore kwiga. Ayo mafaranga ahabwa kaminuza kugirango ibashe guhemba abakozi bayo, guhemba abarimu kugura ibikoresho, icyo gice ni nacyo kinini. Hanyuma hari andi mafaranga 250.000 (ku mwaka, ndlr) ahabwa umunyeshuri kugirango ashobore kuba yakwitunga. Ayo niyo yakuweho kugirango abashe kugira ibindi akora byagirira akamaro uburezi.

Mwari mubajije ngo abanyeshuri bazahagarika kwiga kubera kubura amafaranga; umunyeshuri bizagaragara ko adashoboye kuyabona leta izashaka uburyo iyamuha nk’inguzanyo. Hari uburyo buri gukoreshwa nka gahunda z’ Ubudehe n’izindi zizagaragaza neza ababishoboye n’abatabishoboye.

Igihe.com: Impamvu yatumye mufata icyemezo cyo gukuraho ariya mafaranga ni uko bitumvikana ukuntu ababyeyi bafasha abana bakiri bato bamara gukura bagafashwa na leta. Ese mwaba mwemeza ko ababyeyi bafite ubushobozi bwo guhaza umuntu mukuru, dore ko abiga muri za kaminuza aribo bakenera ibintu bihenze kurusha barumuna babo?

Minisitiri Murigande: N’ubundi iyo urebye, ibintu nkenerwa(basic needs) by’umwana wo muri primaire bishobora kuba bitangana n’iby’uwo muri secondaire. Nk’uko iyo umwana avuye muri primaire akajya muri secondaire umubyeyi yongera ubushobozi kuko biba bihindutse, niyagera no muri kaminuza azabwongere kugirango abashe kumuha ibyo akeneye. N’ubundi mu nzego zose ntabwo abantu banganya ibintu by’ibanze baba bakeneye. N’ubundi rero abari basanzwe bamufasha bazongere kugirango abashe kubona ibyo akeneye.

Igihe.com: Muri gahunda ya Mineduc harimo guteza imbere ubuzima, imirire myiza, isuku n’ibindi. Ese ko ayo mafaranga yakuweho ariyo yafashaga abanyeshuri muri izo gahunda, aho isuku n’imirire myiza ntibizaba biteye impungenge muri kaminuza?

Minisitiri Murigande: Nta mafaranga y’isuku twigeze twongera. Icyo dukora ni ugukangurira abantu kugira isuku. Ushobora kuba umukene ariko ukagira isuku. Ibyo duhora tubikangurira abantu n’ abo banyeshuri bo kuri kaminuza nabo n’ iyo baba ari abakene bazase neza.

Igihe.com: Hariho gahunda yo gukora urutonde rw’abakene bazafashwa na leta. Ese budget yo kubafasha irahari, hari imibare mwaba mwaregendeyeho muteganya abashobora kuzananirwa kwiyishyurira?

Minisitiri Murigande: Iyo budget ntigaragara muri budget isanzwe, icyo twateganyije ni ukongera imbaraga mu kwishyuza amafaranga abayatubereyemo kuko hari abanyeshuri benshi cyane bahawe umwenda wo kwiga abenshi ubu batishyura. Icyo turimo dukora ni ukureba uburyo twakoresha imbaraga zose zishoboka kugirango noneho bishyure. Ayo mafaranga bazishyura tukazaba ariyo dukoresha kugirango dufashe abanyeshuri bazaba bagaragayeho ko badashoboye na buhoro kwirihira.

Igihe.com: Urwo rutonde nirumara gusohoka muzaruha agaciro kangana iki, dore ko benshi bakunda kuvuga bati dore no kwa kanaka biyise abakene cyangwa ugasangaho abana baturuka mu miryango yishoboye?

Minisitiri Murigande: Rwose icyo nakwizeza abatwumva bazanasoma inyandiko yawe ni uko nta mwana w’umuyobozi uzajya kuri urwo rutonde, kuko ndibaza ko abayobozi atari bo badashoboye. Abazajya kuri urwo rutonde ni abantu badashoboye. Abo rero nibo bashobora kuzahabwa iyo mfashanyo. Niba uri umuyobozi mu mudugudu kandi mu mudugudu haba abantu bitanga, ashobora kuba ari umukene ariko akaba umugabo cyangwa umugore w’ inyangamugayo bakaba baramutoye nk’umuyobozi, birashoboka ko ashobora kugaragara ko umwana we adashobora kwirihira. Uwo ashobora kujya kuri urwo rutonde bitewe n’ uko adashoboye nyine ntabwo azajyaho kubera ko ari umuyobozi.

Igihe.com: Ubwo mwagendereraga abanyeshuri bo muri Kaminuza y’u Rwanda mwavuze ko abatazabona uburyo bwo kwifasha bazajya kwigisha, mutanga ingero ko bashobora kujya muri 9 years, ese mubona bashobora gufatikanya ako kazi katoroshye no kwiga? Ese ubumenyi bazatanga bwo mubwizeye mute dore ko batanashoboye(qualified)?

Minisitiri Murigande: Ah, ndiho nganira n’abanyeshuri kuri univeristé hari abavuze ngo ubwo bagiye guhagarika amashuri bataye umwanya wabo. Njye nkavuga nti rwose iyo mvugo si imvugo nzima. Igihe cyose wize ntabwo uba uri guta umwanya. Ariko niba yarize, ubumenyi azaba yarungutse burenze ubw’ utarageze aho ngaho, bwakabaye bushobora kumufasha mu buzima, yaba ari ugupanga ubuzima bwe, yaba ari ugushaka imirimo. Aho niho natanze urugero nti muri 9 Year Basic Education tugiramo abarimu barangije imyaka 6 ya segonderi. Biramutse bibaye nk’impanuka ukananirwa gukomeza, uramutse ugiye ugasabayo akazi, ndahamya ko niba warigaga utarataye umwanya wakigisha neza kurusha wawundi usanzwemo. Nti imyaka mwize muri univeristé hari ubushobozi ibaha butuma mushobora gukora. Ntabwo navuze nti noneho nimujye kwigisha muri 9 Year Basic Education, ni urugero nari ntanze. Ariko uzabishaka akavuga ati njye ngiye kuba mpagarikiye ahangaha nigishe muri 9 Year Basic Education nzaba nkomeza nyuma, ibyo nabyo bizaba bifite akamaro.

Igihe.com: Zimwe mu nshingano z’ ikigo cya SFAR ni uguha abanyeshuri inguzanyo no kubishyuza ngo zibashe kurihira na barumuna babo. Ese mwavuga ko SFAR itageze ku nshingano zayo(échec)? Kuko ibaye yongerewe ubushobozi bw’amategeko ntekereza ko yabasha gucyemura iki kibazo abanyeshuri bagakomeza gufashwa…

Minisitiri Murigande: Uko umubare w’abanyeshuri ugenda wiyongera ntago mpamya ko SFAR yigeze igira ubushobozi ntizigera inabuhabwa ku buryo yarihira buri muntu wese, niyo mpamvu tugenda tuvuga tuti ababishoboye nibavemo leta isigare irihira abatishoboye kuko SFAR irihira igice gito cyane cy’abarangije segonderi.

Igihe.com: Nta mpungenge mwaba mutewe n’ ireme(qualité) ry’ubumenyi bwatangwaga na za kaminuza igihe zizaba zambuwe 25% y’ingengo y’imari zagenerwaga?

Minisitiri Murigande: Kaminuza nizidashobora kwikubita agashyi ngo zishake ubushobozi bwo gusimbura ubwo leta yajyaga iziha birashoboka ko uburezi bushobora guhungabana ariko ibi byose tubikora tuganira na za kaminuza, zo zigenda zitwereka ko zizajya zisimbura ubushobozi leta yajyaga iziha biturutse mu bikorwa zizajya zikora nk’ibikorwa byo gutanga ubwenge bwabo mu gukemura ibibazo by’igihugu(consultancy) ndetse no kongera umubare w’abanyeshuri baziga birihira.

Igihe.com: Ese nizijya mu bikorwa byinjiza amafaranga, ko zitanganya ubushobozi, izizananirwa kwibeshaho muziteganyiriza iki?

Minisitiri Murigande: Tuzajya dukomeza turebe ubushobozi bwazo. Ibyo aribyo byose ntago leta izazireka ngo zipfe, leta izakomeza izifasha uko zigenda zubaka ubushobozi kugeza igihe zizashobora kubyikorera zonyine.

Igihe.com: Mu bihe byashize hari abanyeshuri bigeze kwirukanwa muri za kaminuza babwirwa ko SFAR idafite ubushobozi bwo kubafasha. Perezida wa Repubulika ageze muri Kaminuza Nkuru y’u Rwanda yababwiye ko basubira kwiga. Ese bugdet yo kubafasha yahise ikorwa ako kanya ko nta kibazo cyongeye kumvikana ?

Minisitiri Murigande: Ah, icyo kibazo cyavutse mu kwezi kwa mbere, amafaranga twari dufite muri bugdet ntiyashoboraga gufasha abanyeshuri bose, ikibazo cyabaye ni uko babimenye barageze ku mashuri. Perezida aganira nabo yarababwiye ati ubwo muri ku ishuri guverinoma izashaka amafaranga yo kubarihira. Icyakozwe ni iki? Hari mu kwezi kwa mbere haba isubirwamo ry’ingengo y’imari(révision bugdetaire). Mu gihe rero cya reviziyo bijetere hari igihe bavuga bati kubera iki kibazo gikomeye none ntigishobora kwigizwayo tugiye gukora iki kihutirwa. Habaho kureba porogaramu ishobora gutegereza ikindi gihe ukayikuriraho amafaranga yari ifite, nibyo byabaye.

Igihe.com: Nyakubahwa Minisitiri, abantu benshi bavuze ko kiriya cyemezo cyahubutse, ko hari ibyemezo bifatwa n’inzego za leta bagirango ngo bagerageze ko gahunda iyi n’iyi yakunda. Ese ni iki cyemeza ko leta itazisubiraho nimara kubona ko bidashoboka? Ese niyisubiraho nta ngaruka bizateza muri gahunda zayo?

Minisitiri Murigande: Ah, ibyo byo birumvikana, usibye ko icya mbere cyo mbanza kukubwira, iki cyemezo ntabwo kigeze gihubukirwa. Ni icyemezo cyizwe neza, guverinoma yakoranye inama n’abayobozi ba za kaminuza. Icyemezo cyose kigira igihe gifatirwa ushatse wavuga uti kirantunguye cyangwa se bakimbwiye igihe bagombaga kukimenyeshereza. Erega umuntu wese utekereza yasubiza amaso inyuma akamenya ko ariho twaganaga! Mu bihe byashize abanyeshuri bakorerwaga ibintu byose. Hashize iminsi ayo mafaranga ahinduka umwenda, umuntu wese ukurikira akamenya n’aho isi igana, abanyeshuri bo erega nk’abantu b’abanyabwenge bagakwiriye kuba barabonye ko ariho u Rwanda rugana. Hari ibihugu byinshi byagiye binyura muri iyo nzira kuki bumva ko twe twahagararira mu nzira?

Igihe.com: Ni iki cyaba kiri gukorwa ngo hakumirwe ingaruka zizaterwa no kubura ubwo bufasha?

Minisitiri Murigande: Icya mbere ni uko twicaranye turiho tuganira. Turiho turasobanurira abantu kugirango basobanukirwe neza iby’ iki cyemezo bacyumve bumve impamvu yacyo bakigire icyabo. Nabo ejo batazahaguruka ngo bakirwanye kubera kutamenya. Ni nabyo tumaze igihe dukora duca ku maradiyo na za televiziyo n’ahandi. Icya kabiri, nicyo nanahereyeho, abantu bizagaragara ko badashoboye, ubu turimo kureba mu makuru yose ubudehe bugira, turiho turareba umuntu runaka ese atanga umusoro ungana iki? Duhereye kuri ayo makuru ntibitwereka ko umuhungu we ashobora kwirihira? Mu by’ukuri numva ibyo byose bikozwe nta ngaruka zishobora kubaho, ingaruka zizaba gusa nziza kuko nk’abantu 24.000 barihirwaga muri université bigaragaye ko abantu 14.000 bashobora kwirihira, amafaranga twajyaga tubatangaho tuzareba ikindi tuyakoresha.

Igihe.com: Mubaye mudakuriye uru rwego, ku giti cyanyu, mukanakurikiza ubuzima n’ubukungu bw’ Abanyarwanda, musanga koko abanyeshuri bazashobora kwifasha ubwabo?

Minisitiri Murigande: Erega sinzi niba uri umunyeshuri, abenshi mu igihe.com ni abanyeshuri cyangwa se banavuye mu bunyeshuri vuba aha. Ubu se nta banyeshuri uzi banitungiye n’imodoka ku giti cyabo? Hari abanyeshuri iki cyemezo kitazahungabanya na mba, wenda kizanabagirira neza ibyo bihumbi 25 bajyaga bayabona bakajya kuyanywera bagataha basinze, yenda izo nzoga bazazibura cyangwa se bayakoreshaga ibindi bintu bidafite agaciro, abo nta kibazo bazakomeza bige. Abandi nabo babonaga ayo ibihumbi 25 akaba adahagije nabo bazakomeza bige batyo.

Igihe.com: Ubusanzwe abantu bafata umuyobozi wese nk’umubyeyi kandi burya nibyo, ni ubuhe butumwa bw’ihumure mwaha abazakomeretswa n’iki cyemezo?

Minisitiri Murigande: Icya mbere rwose nabwira ababyeyi, abanyeshuri ndetse n’ abandi bakurikira ibiba mu Rwanda, icyemezo cyafashwe na guverinoma ntikigamije kugira umunyeshuri kibuza kwiga, kigamije guhagarika gukomeza kurihira abantu bashobora kwirihira. Abanyeshuri babashije kwirihira nibabikora bizafasha leta kurihira umubare munini urenze kubo yafashaga. Hari n’ibindi byagakwiriye kuba bikorwa nk’amalaboratwari adahagije yenda ayo amafaranga yakoreshwa ibyo bikorwa noneho umwana akajya yigira mu buryo bwiza. Abantu bakwiriye kumva ko iki ari icyemezo kigamije gutuma tugira uburezi bufite ireme tureka gufasha abashoboye kwifasha kugirango ayo mafaranga akore ibindi bintu. Ikindi navuga ni uko umuntu bizaba bigaragara ko adashoboye kwirihira ibyo bihumbi 250 ntabwo tuzamureka ngo acikirize amashuri ye. Tuzakora ibishoboka byose kugirango akomeze. Rwose ndumva ubwo butumwa bwombi aribwo nakabwiye Abanyarwanda n’abandi bose bazanyumva biciye mu nyandiko uzakora.

Igihe.com: Turabashimiye Nyakubahwa Minisitiri kuduha umwanya wanyu.

Minisitiri Murigande: Murakoze namwe.

Iki kiganiro cyakozwe na SHABA Erick Bill umunyamakuru wa IGIHE.COM, ubwo yaganiraga na Minisitiri w’Uburezi Dr. Charles Murigande.

SHABA Erick Bill
urick401@igihe.com

http://igihe.com/news-7-11-8318.html

Posté par rwandaises.com