Intore Serge,

Constitution y’u Rwanda ivuga ko u Rwanda ari igihugu LAIC/SECULAR. Harimo aribyo n’uko muri media za Leta nka Orinfor n’ibitangazamakuru bindi bya Leta, amadini yose agomba guhabwa umwanya ungana, ntihagire rimwe rirusha ayandi kugaragara muri media za Leta. Hashize nk’imyaka itatu ndakeka, muri za Press Conference President ajya aha abanyamakuru kuri televiziyo y’Igihugu, nigeze kubaza Prezida impamvu Orinfor idakurikiza ayo mategeko ari muri Constitution, mbihereye kuri Joyce Meyer, umugore w’umu tele-evangelist w’umunyamerika-kazi, wasaga n’uwari wigaruriye televiziyo y’u Rwanda muri iyo minsi, cyane cyane mu masaha ya nijoro. Abo muri Orinfor bashubije ko uwo mugore yishyuraga amafranga!!!

Prezida yarabigaye aribyo aranabiseka kubera icyo gisubisubizo, kuko ibiri muri Constitution bitakwicwa n’ubucuruzi bwa television y’igihugu. Yanabajije Minister w’umu-islam niba we nta kibazo bimutera, undi arasubiza ngo bo bafite amikoro make. Byerekana rero ko nawe yasaga n’utari wumvise aho ikibazo gishingiye.  Si bizima kubona twandika amategeko muri Constitution tukamara imyaka tutayubahiriza. Nanjye nkawe Serge nemera Imana nk’abandi nubwo ntakagombye no kubivuga mu ruhame kuko ari ibintu privé/private matter, ariko jye mbona guhora turenga ku mategeko twihaye ubwacu atari bizima. Mu birori bya FESPAD, ndibuka ko indirimbo za gikirisitu ari zo zashyizwe imbere mu kwerekana umuco w’u Rwanda. Nyamara ubwo mu bihugu bya Afrika byari byatumiwe, ibigendera kw’idini rya Islam ntibyagiraga umubare. Twagiye rwose tugerageza kumenya icyo izina LAIC/SECULAR twahaye igihugu cyacu rivuga! Twagiye twubahiriza n’icyo amategeko avuga ku buringanire bw’amadini muri medias za Leta!

Hari n’ibindi ariko nabyo bitangaje muri press privée/private medias zacu, aribyo n’ukuntu justice yacu ikoresha amategeko agenga umwuga w’itangazamakuru. Umuntu wafata amategeko y’itangazamakuru agashaka ko yubahirizwa nk’uko yanditse – dore ko adatandukanye cyane n’ayo mu bindi bihugu – ibinyamakuru byo mu Rwanda bitafungwa byaba bike cyane. Na za Reporters Sans Frontière zirabizi ko ikibazo mu Rwanda kitari freedom of press, ahubwo ari quality of the press, ariko bo baba bibereye muri ya strategy ngo « usenya urwe umutiza umuhoro ». Burya ahubwo ibinyamakuru mu Rwanda si ukwisanzura gusa, ahubwo mu kwisanzura birakabya bikarengera. Cyane cyane mu kwibasira no kwivanga muri private life/ vie privée y’abantu, barangiza bakabeshya abazungu ko bakora political opposition. Aho niho batunarira, kubera ko abanyarwanda basa n’abibwira ko mu gihe ibinyamakuru bitarwanije leta, destabilisation sociale ituruka mu guhora bambika abantu ubusa ku gasozi yo ntacyo iba itwaye cyane. Hari hakwiye kwigwa cyane amateka na content/contenu ya Radio RTLM, aribyo n’umuntu wese ushaka gukora umwuga w’itangazamakuru muri iki gihugu agategekwa kubanza kwiga hate medias/medias de la haine na techniques zazo. U Rwanda ni cyo gihugu cyonyine kw’isi kigira abanyamakuru bafunzwe burundu kubera ibyo banditse cyangwa banditse. Ntibyumvikana rero ko techniques za propaganda ya RTLM zongera gukoreshwa mu binyamakuru byacu abantu ntibagire icyo babyumvamo, nkuko na none abanyarwanda bajyaga bumva RTLM bamwe bakitera intugu abandi bagaseka urwenya rwa ba Kantano, Hitimana na Valeriya Bemeriki! Mbere ya messages z’ubwicanyi, kumenyereza abantu gutunga agatoki abandi banyarwanda no kwibasira ubuzima bwabo bwite, nibyo byabanje kenshi nta na politike yari mo. Ikindi wasangaga cyuzuye muri hate medias zateguraga jenoside aribyo no muri RTLM, cyari ubuhanuzi bwiyitaga amakuru nka bumwe bwongeye kugaruka muri iyi minsi.

Journalisme de destabilisation sociale yibasira abantu ku giti cyabo ari nako ibeshya abazungu bo hanze ngo irakora opposition politique. Ubwo RSF na zene wabo zigahaguruka, zigasizora. Nyamara ibyo kwibasira abantu biba biterwa na corruption abanyarwanda twese tutayobewe muri presse alimentaire yacu. Birababaje cyane kubona igihugu cyacu cyitirirwa kutagira freedom of press, kandi ahubwo ibyandikwa mu binyamakuru byo mu Rwanda bikabije kurengera freedom of press. Ingero ni nyinshi cyane nta n’umuntu wabona aho ahera kereka yanditse igitabo. Nko kubona Umuseso n’Umuvugizi bihagarikwa amezi atandatu gusa, bigatuma u Rwanda ruregwa icyaha cyo kuniga freedom of press, biratangaje cyane. Kuko umuntu wahindura ibyo biriya binyamakuru mu ndimi zo hanze ngo yerekane ibyo bandika, (akerekana ibyo Umuseso, Umurabyo n’Umuvugizi byazize), abazungu bo hanze byabatera isoni kwumva ko ari ziriya nyandiko barengera! Abanyarwanda dusa n’abatamenya gukoresha amategeko ya press na gato. Icyo kibazo maze imyaka ncyibazaho ariko binyobera, kuko ntumva impamvu gisa n’icyatubereye urujijo twese uko tungana, none ariko ndakeka ko impamvu zimwe zitari zikwiriye gushakirwa kure. Nko kubona Umuvugizi waragizwe umwere mu rubanza rwo kujurira bivuga iki?Jye wigeze kumara imyaka 8 mburanira muri Suisse na Reporters Sans Frontières shebuja wa Radio Hirondelle, nta kuntu nshobora kwemera ko urwo rubanza Umuvugizi wari kurutsinda iyo rubera aho naburaniye kandi ngatsinda. Mumbabarire rero gukeka ko very few people are aware of how press law should be applied in our country. I think we should ask for foreign expertise, cyane cyane nko mu gukirikira imanza nka ziriya za ba Ingabire n’izindi zfite ubukana mu kuba political, hato tutazazira experience idahagije muri press and political affairs.

Mu gihugu cyacu higeze kuba gahunda yo kubuza abantu gukorera mu mazu atuzuye, bamwe mu bayakoreraga mo birababaza. Ariko ntibyatinze, abo bantu bageze aho babona ukuntu iyo gahunda igira akamaro. No muri press n’amategeko ayigenga mu Rwanda hari hakwiye kureka gukorera mu mazu atuzuye, cyane cyane ko laxism yacu (being too lax) yongera ikibazo cyo kuvugwa nabi hanze, aho kukigabanura. Dusa n’abatamenya ibikwiye kwandikwa mu binyamakuru n’ibibujijwe, kubera ko ibyandikwa by’amafuti tumaze kubimenyera kugeza ubwo twibwira ngo ni bizima. Niba kandi noneho tubuzwa guhana ibyaha bigaragara n’uko dukeka ko ba bazungu bahora batuvuga nabi bashobora kurushao ubukana, ngira ngo bimaze noneho kugaragara ko ubwo bukana bwiyongera aho kugabanuka.

Koko hari uwambwira impamvu Umuvugizi wagizwe umwera mu kujurira kwawo, kandi bari barandagaje ubuzima bwite bw’abantu bibujijwe n’amategeko y’itangazamakuru? Ese koko biriya Minister na Mayor wa Kigali bandaritswe mu binyamakuru byo, ubwo ntibinyuranye n’amategeko y’itangazamakuru ryo mu Rwanda aribyo n’ayo mu bihugu bindi byo hanze? Buriya se uriya mwanda banitse ku gasozi imbere y’abakuru n’abana bato bakirerwa, barimo n’abana babo aribyo, ni irihe somo ryubaka abo bana bavanye muri biriya babwiwe? Byamariye iki abanyarwanda se? Ese buriya abanyamakuru bandika biriya, ngo baba bashaka kwigira ibihangange bigana scandales basoma zanditswe kuri Bill Clinton na Monica Lewinsky? Icyo batamenya ariko nuko atari kuriya information kuri iyo affair yagejejwe ku basomyi.  Ese ariko biriya twirirwa dusoma mu binyamakuru by’ino birimo ubuhanuzi bwa Magayane na Nyirabiyoro bahora bongeraho ibyo bishakiye bakabitangaza nk’aho ari information, ni ukubera iki nta kintu na kimwe Media High Council igira icyo ibivugaho? Buriya se ibintu nka biriya ntibikwirakwiza ubujiji na superstitions, ari nako bitera impagarara mu mitima y’abantu? Kuki uwo munyamakuru atabibazwa muri iki gihugu gifite amateka yayogojwe n’itangazamakuru ryayobeje abantu kugeza ubwo bakora jenoside, dore ko no muri propagande ya RTLM naho habagamo ubuhanuzi n’ubupfumu nk’uko abazi ya ndirimbo ya Bikindi yitwaga « Bene Sebahinzi » babizi. Kurebera bene ibyo ukicecekera ubwo se ntibyakwitwa cynisme/cynicism? Umuntu utabona aspect ya guerre psychologique/psychological war muri biriya, ndakeka ko aba agira imyumvire idahagije. Buriya nta soni kubona ibinyamakuru byitwa ko ari ibya information générale bitangaza ingirwa buhanuzi abateka-mutwe bigira abapfumu bababwira, maze umunyarwanda ntamenye ikiri inkuru n’ikiri amanjwe?

Itangazamakuru ryacu rigira byinshi byarimunze, birimo na RUMORS dore ko zibujijwe kwandikwa mu binyamakuru nk’uko amategeko abivuga. Ni kuki Media High Council itabona ko RUMORS zisigaye ari zo makuru yiganje mu binyamakuru by’iki gihugu? Media High Council ni nayo itubwira ko mu nshingano z’itangazamakuru habamo no kujijura abanyarwanda. Kuki rero umunyamakuru ufite kujijura abanyarwanda mu nshingano ze, ahita mo gushora abasomyi mu ndagu n’ubuhanuzi bwa gipfumu, agahabwa intebe kandi abashinzwe kumutangira ngo adakomeza kuyobya abantu birebera gusa? Ese koko bene biriya byo gushyira ubupfumu babwita information kuri page ya mbere y’ikinyamakuru hari n’ahandi biba? N’ubwo abazungu bazatuvuga nabi bwose, ngo nuko twanze biriya bigoramye tukabihana mu gihe bitemewe n’amategeko hamwe na ethics zizwi z’umwuga, ubwo harya baza bitwaza iki? Mu gihe babyogeje bwo, kuki tutabyamagana ngo tunerekane ibyaha abo bazungu bashyigikira? Birakenewe cyane ko twerekana ibyaha bariya bazungu bo muri RSF na HRW na Amnesty International n’abandi, bakomeza gushyigikira mw’itangazamakuru ryo mu Rwanda. Ariko mbere y’ibyo hakenewe ko na twe tumenya neza ibyemewe kwandikwa mu binyamakuru n’ibitemerewe! Kuko binoneka ko mu Rwanda n’ubwo amategeko tuyafite, hari ikibazo gikomeye cyane cyo kutamenya uburyo amategeko agenga itangazamakuru akwiye gushyirwa mu bikorwa. Kutamenya ikibi n’icyiza mu byandikwa mw’itangazamakuru, ikijyanye n’amategeko n’ikitajyanye nayo, ndibwira ahanini ko biterwa n’akamenyero tumazemo imyaka dusoma amahano tukitera intugu. Na mbere ya jenoside niko abanyarwanda basomaga za Kangura bakumva na RTLM bisekera. Nubwo nta kinyamakuru cyerura ngo gihamagarire abantu guhangana no kurwana cyangwa kwicana, ntawashidikanya ko gutera umwuka mubi muri iki gihugu hari ibinyamakuru bimaze imyaka bibigenderaho. (Hashize hafi imyaka ibiri ntagaje mu kinyamakuru « Imvaho Nshya » analyse (« Dutokore Ifuku ») ya article yo mu kinyamakuru Umurabyo, yari yanditswe n’uriya Mudamu Agnès Nkusi Uwimana uherutse kwongera gukatirwa imyaka myinshi mu munyururu. Iyo nyandiko yari muri tradition ya Kangura neza neza). Abanyarwanda rero tugiye kumara imyaka hafi 17 dusoma  press y’umwanda isenya, ari nako ba Reporters Sans Frontières bakomeza kubogeza ngo « presse indépendante ». Ntidukeneye presse inyuranye n’amategeko, ikoreshwa na ruswa n’inda nini birimo no guhakwa kuri za organisations zihaye inshingano yo kurwanya igihugu cyacu zimazeyo. Ntidukeneye press ikomeje gukorera mu mazu atuzuye. fk.

---