Impamvu inzibacyuho yagombaga kumara imyaka itanu mu Rwanda yamaze icyenda

Umunsi wa 19 w’ukwezi kwa Karindwi 1994, mu Rwanda hagiyeho Guverinoma y’Ubumwe yagombaga kumara imyaka itanu, nyuma hakaba amatora.

Ni Guverinoma yagiyeho nyuma y’iminsi mike Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi ihagaritswe n’ingabo zari iza FPR Inkotanyi. Jenoside yasize isenye igihugu mu buryo bugaragara, haba mu bigaragarira amaso dore ko Abatutsi basaga miliyoni bari bamaze kwicwa, mu gihe abandi Banyarwanda basaga miliyoni ebyiri bari bafashe iy’ubuhungiro barimo n’abari basize bagize uruhare muri Jenoside.

Mu buryo bw’intekerezo n’imiyoborere nabwo bwari bwangiritse. Inzego z’ubuyobozi zose zari zasenyutse ku buryo byasaga nko gutangira bundi bushya.

Jenoside yabaye hashize amezi umunani hasinywe amasezerano ya Arusha, yari agamije guhagarika intambara yari imaze imyaka ine hagati ya Leta ya Perezida Habyarimana Juvénal na FPR Inkotanyi.

Ingingo ya gatatu y’aya masezerano yavugaga ko Itegeko Nshinga ry’u Rwanda ryo mu 1991 hamwe n’aya masezerano aribyo bigize Itegeko rikuru rigenga igihugu mu gihe cy’inzibacyuho cyagombaga kumara amezi 22. Mu gihe iyo nzibacyuho yagombaga kuba irangiye hagombaga kuba amatora rusange.

Ntabwo yigeze ashyirwa mu bikorwa kuko ku ruhande rwa Leta ya Habyarimana bavugaga ko ari ibipapuro.

Guverinoma yarahiye ku wa 19 Nyakanga 1994 yavuye mu biganiro byahuje amashyaka ya politiki atari yarijanditse muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi. Ni ukuvuga ko ishyaka rya MRND na CDR atari yemerewe kugaragara mu buyobozi bushya.

Iyi Guverinoma yagiyeho nyuma y’iminsi mike Pasteur Bizimungu yemejwe nka Perezida wa Repubulika. Mu baminisitiri 17 bari bagize iyo guverinoma, umunani bari abo muri FPR Inkotanyi, batatu bo muri MDR, batatu bo muri PL, babiri bo muri PSD n’umwe wo muri PDC. Tariki 19 Nyakanga harahiye abaminisitiri 14, abandi bongerwamo tariki 20 Nyakanga.

Ni guverinoma yari igizwe n’abasivili hafi ya yose, mu kwereka abaturage ko basubijwe ubuyobozi, ingabo zikaberaho kubarinda nyuma yo kubabohora.

Inzibacyuho yashyizweho nyuma ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi yagombaga kurangira mu 1999 ariko icyo gihe byageze u Rwanda rugihanganye n’ibibazo by’ingutu byiganjemo iby’umutekano.

Urugero ni uko nko mu Ukuboza 1999 Abacengezi bari bashamikiye kuri ALIR yaje guhinduka FDLR bagabye ibitero icumi ku Rwanda.

Umuyobozi Mukuru w’Urwego rw’Igihugu Ngishwanama rw’Inararibonye, Tito Rutaremara, yabwiye IGIHE ko bitari gushoboka ko habaho amatora mu bihe nk’ibyo.

Yagize ati “Ariko se wari gukora amatora muri Jenoside? Nyuma y’aho ese iriya myaka ya 1998 wari gukora amatora amabombe ari kuvuga hano hafi ya Kigali, abaturage bari kuyajyamo bate?”.

Sheikh Abdul Karim Harerimana, umwe mu bagize Urwego Ngishwanama rw’Inararibonye yigeze kubwira IGIHE ko abacengezi bari bahangayikishije igihugu cyane kuko bafatanyaga na bamwe mu bari babashyigikiye imbere mu gihugu.

Ati “Abari hanze batangiye imyiteguro ariko n’abari mu Rwanda bari mu myiteguro. Nicyo gituma twazise intambara z’abacengezi. Bazaga rwihishwa nyine bagacengera bagahura n’abari mu Rwanda bagatangira izo gahunda.”

“Mu 1997 cyane cyane nibwo batangiye gukora ibikorwa bibi. Uribuka imodoka bahagaritse yari itwaye abagenzi hano ku Kirenge, bavangura abaturage bati Abahutu mujye ku ruhande, Abatutsi mujye ku rundi barangiza bakabarasa, bakayitwika […] Gisenyi, Ruhengeri, Kigali Ngali ndetse na Byumba na za Kibuye. Uribuka abanyeshuri ba Nyange.”

Rutaremara yavuze ko uretse ikibazo cy’umutekano, mu 1998-1999 ari nabwo hari hari ibiganiro byo mu Rugwiro byari bihurije hamwe abantu b’ingeri nyinshi bagamije kurebera hamwe icyerecyezo gishya cy’u Rwanda, ku buryo kubihuza n’amatora bitari gushoboka.

Muri 1999, Inteko Ishinga Amategeko yemeje ko inzibacyuho yongerwaho imyaka ine, bituma yose imara imyaka icyenda.

Mu mwaka wa 2000 nibwo hashyizweho Komisiyo ishinzwe Itegeko Nshinga ari nayo yahawe inshingano zo gukusanya ibitekerezo byashyizwe mu Itegeko Nshinga ryatowe ku wa 26 Gicurasi 2003 rikemezwa ku majwi 93 %.

Gutorwa kw’iryo tegeko kwashyize iherezo ku nzibacyuho yari imaze imyaka icyenda, hategurwa amatora ya Perezida n’ay’abadepite. Niyo matora ya mbere yari abayeho guhera mu 1988.

Amatora ya Perezida yarangiye atsinzwe na Paul Kagame wagize amajwi 95 % mu gihe mu matora y’Abadepite yarangiye FPR Inkotanyi n’andi mashyaka yari yifatanyije nayo afite ubwiganze ku majwi 73 % n’imyanya 40 mu Nteko.

Inkuru bifitanye isano:

Bamwe mu baturage bitabiriye umuhango wo kurahira kwa Guverinoma y’inzibacyuho muri Nyakanga 1994 Abari bagize Guverinoma y’inzibacyuho ya mbere yarahiye muri Nyakanga 1994