Hari uwaba abona ibyiza u Rwanda rufite ubu, umutekano rusagurira n’amahanga, uburinganire mu nzego zose, abana bajya kwiga bose, Mutuelle ivuza bose, imihanda ica hirya no hino, akagira ngo ni ko byahoze mu myaka 20 ishize.
Hari n’ababizi ko bitahahoze ariko ntibamenye inkomoko yabyo, ko ari ibiganiro byabereye mu Rugwiro mu myaka ya 1998/1999, byahuje abanyarwanda b’ingeri zitandukanye ngo barebere hamwe icyasubiza u Rwanda ijabo mu mahanga, nyuma y’icuraburindi rwari ruvuyemo rya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.
Ibitekerezo byavuye mu biganiro byo mu Rugwiro ni byo byabaye imbarutso y’Itegeko Nshinga dufite ubu ndetse nta washidikanya ko ibirikubiyemo byose ari icyo cyerecyezo abanyarwanda bagiriye mu Rugwiro tugishingiyeho uyu munsi.
Umushinga wo gutegura no gutora Itegeko Nshinga ry’u Rwanda waranzwe n’ibintu bikomeye ari na byo tugiye kugarukaho muri iyi nyandiko. Icyo gihe Abanyarwanda bagaragaje ko badashaka Itegeko Nshinga risa n’ay’ahandi, ko bashaka irireba ibibazo byihariye igihugu gifite, rikabishakira ibisubizo kandi rigatanga umurongo kugira ngo n’abazaza nyuma babyubakireho.
Uko Itegeko Nshinga rishya ry’u Rwanda ryateguwe
U Rwanda rwari rusanganywe Itegeko Nshinga ndetse no mu gihe cy’ubukoloni nubwo rutagiraga Itegeko Nshinga ryarwo, rwagenderaga ku ry’Ababiligi.
Nyuma ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, u Rwanda rwagenderaga ku Itegeko Shingiro ryari rikubiyemo bimwe mu byari bigize amasezerano ya Arusha ndetse n’itangazo FPR yashyize hanze imaze kubohora igihugu n’ibyo amashyaka yose atarijanditse muri Jenoside yemeranyijweho.
Ubwo ibiganiro byo mu Rugwiro byabaga, byahuje abantu b’ingeri zitandukanye zirimo abadepite, abasenatei, abaminisitiri, abayobozi ba sosiyete sivile, abarimu bo muri za kaminuza n’abandi. Hari harimo n’abanyapolitiki bo muri ya mashyaka ya kera nka UNAR, PARMEHUTU, MDR, APROSOMA n’abandi.
Twaricaye turaganira tuti « Kuki ibi bibazo byaje”? Bakabiganiraho. Izo nama zaganiriye ku bintu byinshi, zageze n’aho zivugirwamo ngo « Turifuza ko mu myaka 20 u Rwanda rwacu rutazongera gufatwa nk’igihugu cyakoze Jenoside gusa” kuko iyo wajyaga hanze wavuga uti « Ndi Umunyarwanda », baravugaga bati “Ba bandi bakoze Jenoside? »
Mu gihe kingana n’imyaka ibiri n’igice, twaganiriye ku bibazo byinshi bireba igihugu birimo uko ubukungu buzazamuka, uko tugomba kwegereza abaturage ubuyobozi n’ibindi. Niho hemerejwe za GACACA n’ibindi.
Leta Iriho niyo yahinduye izo nzozi impamo, cyane cyane Perezida wa Repubulika kuko areba kure, akamenya ibiri mu nzozi kubishyira mu bikorwa bigashoboka.
Mu nama zo mu Rugwiro rero nibwo twasanze dukeneye Itegeko Nshinga ariko akenshi twagiye turyandikirwa n’abandi kandi Itegeko Nshinga ari iry’abaturage ariko usanga buri gihe ryandikwa n’abanyamahanga cyangwa abahanga bo mu gihugu ariko batabajije abaturage. Akenshi baza mu baturage babasaba kuritora gusa.
Mu nama zo mu Rugwiro baravuze bati “Nyabuneka iri Tegeko Nshinga murebe uko ibitekerezo bizaturuka mu baturage”, ni ko babisabye, nyuma rero leta iza gushyiraho Komisiyo izandika iryo tegeko Nshinga.
Muri iyo Komisiyo hari harimo hafi amashyaka umunani, buri shyaka ryagombaga kugiramo umuntu umwe kugira ngo bose banganye. Abantu batatu bavaga muri sosiyete sivile n’undi umwe uhagarariye inzego z’umutekano, twese tukaba 12.
Tito Rutaremara avuga ko byasabye imbaraga nyinshi kugira ngo abanyarwanda basobanukirwe neza akamaro k’Itegeko Nshinga
Twagiye dutanga amazina menshi, buri shyaka wenda rigatanga amazina abiri no muri sosiyete sivile bagatanga amazina nk’ane. Amazina yaje arenze nka 20, dutoramo 12 ariko kugira ngo muri buri shyaka habonekemo umuntu. Hanyuma Inteko irabemeza itora uzaba Chairman, Vice Chairman n’Umunyamabanga.
Ninjye watorewe kuyobora iyo Komisiyo, abadepite baratubwira bati ‘mugende muzaduhe Itegeko Nshinga mu myaka itatu, rikurikije bya bindi byasabwaga.’
Ikintu cya mbere twakoze tutarashyiraho n’abakozi, ni ukuganira ngo natwe ubwacu twumve uko tuzakorana kuko twavaga mu mashyaka adahuje intekerezo. Ni bwo twagize amezi abiri tuganira, dushyiraho amategeko n’amabwiriza byajya bituranga (code of conduct).
Nyuma tumaze kubikora, twagiye hamwe kugira ngo dutangire twige ku Itegeko Nshinga. Twafashe amezi atatu kugira ngo tubisome, duhamagara abize Itegeko Nshinga ngo baze batuganirize. Twagize n’ukwezi ko kujya hanze kugira ngo tugende tureba andi Mategeko Nshinga tuganira n’abaho.
Twagiye muri Amerika, tujya mu Bwongereza, tujya mu Burayi, za Ghana, Ethiopia, Kenya, Afurika y’Epfo n’ahandi.
Birangiye twashatse abakozi ba Komisiyo bo kudufasha. Twakoranye n’abari basanzwe badufasha bize amategeko, barimo uyu wabaye Minisitiri w’Ubutabera [Dr Ugirashebuja Emmanuel] n’abandi bose.
Twagiye mu baturage, dusanga abaturage bose badasobanukiwe. Umuturage wamubaza ngo ‘demokarasi ni iki cyangwa Itegeko Nshinga ni iki?” Ugasanga ntabizi.
Twafashe amezi atandatu twandika udutabo turimo ibyo, tugenda tubyigisha abaturage. Tugenda hose mu midugudu, mu mashuri yose, mu nzego za leta tukaganira na bo, tukareba muri za kaminuza, tukareba n’inzobere mu nzego zose , tukagenda tubyigisha.
Hari n’aho twagendaga dushaka urubyiruko bagakina ikinamico zigaragaza uko amatora aba ameze, ubwoko bw’ubutegetsi n’ibindi. Kugira ngo abaturage bose babyumve, twagiye no hanze mu mpunzi za Tanzania, iza Zambia, iz’i Burayi. Twabahaga n’udutabo, wasangaga bakeneye gusoma utuntu tw’i Rwanda.
Amezi atandatu twakoze ibyo byo kwigisha demokarasi, hanyuma mu kwezi kwa nyuma tukababaza duti ‘Ese Itegeko Nshinga ni iki? Bakatubwira bati Itegeko Nshinga ni ‘Nyababyeyi’, kuko ni yo ibyara byose, ni yo ibyara politiki, ni yo ibyara andi mategeko. Byaradushimishije cyane twumvise abaturage batubwira batyo.
Ibyo birangiye, twarongeye twandika utundi dutabo dufata ibintu 64 by’ingenzi bigize Itegeko Nshinga. Twafashe andi mezi atandatu yo kugenda dusaba abaturage ngo bahitemo bitoranyirize. Tukababaza duti ‘Murashaka iki, ese murashaka ubutegetsi aho Perezida ari we uba afite ububasha bwose (Regime présidentielle), Murashaka Parlementaire (Aho Inteko ariyo iba ifite ububasha bwinshi]? Cyangwa se Murashaka semi-présidentielle [Aho Perezida aba afite ububasha buringaniye, ubundi bugahabwa Inteko]. Twaje gusanga abaturage bashaka semi-présidentielle.
Turangije gukusanya ibitekerezo, twaricaye twandika Itegeko Nshinga ryose hasi kugeza hejuru. Tuzana n’abandi banyamategeko ngo badufashe mu buryo bw’amategeko. Twamaze ukwezi turyandika.
Abaturage bagaragaje ko Itegeko Nshinga ari nka nyababyeyi
Nyuma twahurije hamwe abahagarariye abaturage, baterana iminsi ibiri tuganira kuri iryo Tegeko Nshinga. Nyuma twahamagaye inzobere zo hanze kugira ngo baturebere ko riri ku rwego mpuzamahanga.
Twamaranye ukwezi basoma tuganira, basanga biri ku rwego mpuzamahanga. Birangiye ni bwo twarihinduye mu ndimi eshatu; Icyongereza, Igifaransa n’Ikinyarwanda. Nyuma twarishyikirije Guverinoma banatanga ibitekerezo uko byakwandikwa. Turijyana mu Nteko Ishinga Amategeko iriganiraho nk’ukwezi, barabyiga bararitora.
Abadepite bamaze gutora, twafashe ukwezi ko kujya kwereka abaturage ibyavuye mu Nteko n’ibitekerezo batanze, bati “ni byo.” Birangije rero ni bwo bigiye muri referandumu, abaturage bararitora kuri 93%.
Inyungu zo kuba twaritoreye Itegeko Nshinga bikozwe n’abaturage
Nk’ejobundi mu 2015 ubwo abaturage bahagurukaga basaba ko Ingingo ya 101 ivugururwa, Perezida akemererwa kongera kwiyamamaza, kuriya gutinyuka ni uko bari babizi kuko twajyaga tubiganira. Bahagurutse kuko bari barizi kandi aribo batanze ibitekerezo.
Buriya si kimwe no kubwira abantu uti “turashaka ko Perezida agumaho”, batangira kukubaza bati “ese iryo tegeko ni irihe ?” Ariko bo bari barizi.
Iryo tegeko rero rirasobanutse kuko igihe mubonye umuperezida akoze nabi, mushobora kumukuraho nk’uko mushobora kumwongera mubonye akoze neza.
Baramutse batanashaka Perezida, babyandika bavuga bati “Turifuza ko ugenda”. Abaye ari umunyapolitiki w’ukuri yabyumva.
Icyo Umunyarwanda wese akwiriye kumenya ku Itegeko Nshinga
Umunyarwanda icyo akwiriye kumenya ni uko Itegeko Nshinga ibyinshi birimo byavuye mu baturage. Bakwiriye kumenya ingingo nini zirimo, n’amahame remezo.
Icya mbere ni ukurimenya neza kuko ubu abenshi ni batoya ntabwo bari bahari mu gihe ryashyirwagaho. Bagerageze kumenya ingingo zimwe z’ingenzi zigiye zirimo. Niba badafite n’umwanya wo gusoma, basome incamake kuko isobanura muri make ibikubiyemo by’ingenzi.
Nabasaba kumenya nk’Ingingo ya 10 ivuga ku mahame remezo tugenderaho, nibura bakaba bayazi nk’uko bamenya amategeko ya Musa, bakamenya ingingo ya cyenda ivuga ko Abanyarwanda dukwiye kwishakira ibisubizo.
Harimo n’izindi ngingo bakwiriye kunyuzamo amaso bakamenya icyo zivuga kuko nizo igihugu cyubakiyeho. https://www.youtube.com/embed/Lzm5k51ZMPo 
Itegeko Nshinga rya 2003 niryo ryabaye imbarutso y’amatora ya Perezida yabaye muri Kanama uwo mwaka, akegukanwa na Paul Kagame watanzwe n’Umuryango FPR Inkotanyi
Yanditswe na Tito Rutaremara Kuya 22 Ugushyingo 2021
