Ibyitezwe mu nama ikomeye ya AU yitabiriwe na Perezida Kagame i Niamey

Perezida Paul Kagame ari mu bakuru b’ibihugu bihuriye mu Muryango wa Afurika Yunze Ubumwe, AU, bakoraniye mu Murwa Mukuru wa Niger, Niamey, mu nama igomba gutangirizwamo isoko rusange rihuza ibihugu bya Afurika, AfCFTA.

Iyi nama y’iminsi ibiri yatangiye kuri uyu wa 7 Nyakanga izasozwa ku wa 8 Nyakanga. Abakuru b’ibihugu bya Afurika bibarizwa muri AU bagera kuri 31 nibo bayitezwemo.

Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’Amahanga w’u Rwanda, Dr Sezibera Richard, yageze i Niamey mbere ya Perezida Kagame, aho wabaye n’umwanya mwiza wo kuganira na mugenzi we wa Afurika y’Epfo, Dr Naledi Pandor, ku mubano w’ibihugu byombi.

Mu bandi bakuru b’ibihugu bitezwe muri iyi nama harimo Alassane Ouattara (Côte d’Ivoire), Patrice Talon (Bénin), Macky Sall (Sénégal), Alpha Condé (Guinée), Faure Gnassingbé (Togo), Félix Tshisekedi (RDC), Abdel Fattah al-Sissi (Misiri), Muhammadu Buhari (Nigeria), Nana Akufo-Addo (Ghana), Denis Sassou Nguesso (Congo-Brazzaville) na Idriss Déby Itno (Tchad).

AU isobanura ko AfCFTA ari imwe muri gahunda z’ukwihuza kwa Afurika nk’uko biteganywa mu cyerekezo cyayo 2063. Iri soko rigamije gutuma Afurika igira ijwi rimwe mu bucuruzi no kuzamura ubucuruzi bukorwa hagati y’ibihugu bya Afurika buri hasi cyane ugereranyije n’ubwo bikorana n’u Burayi na Aziya.

Biteganyijwe ko AfCFTA izazamura ubucuruzi hagati y’ibihugu bya Afurika ku gipimo cya 53% hakavanwaho imisoro itari ngombwa ku buryo byarema isoko rusange rigizwe n’abaturage miliyari 1.2, rifite umusaruro mbumbe wa miliyari 2500 $.

Perezida Mahamadou Issoufou ni we uyobora gahunda ya ’Continental Free Trade Area (CFTA).

Amasezerano yasinyiwe i Kigali muri Werurwe 2018, yatangiye kubahirizwa ku wa 30 Gicurasi 2019, nyuma y’iminsi 30 igihugu cya 22 nk’umubare wari wemeranyijweho w’ibihugu bigomba kubanza kuyemeza burundu ngo abone gushyirwa mu bikorwa, gishyikirije AU inyandiko zacyo.

Kimwe mu bihugu byari byarinangiye mu kuyemeza burundu ni Nigeria, ariko Perezida Muhammadu Buhari yatangaje ko igihugu cye kiza kuyemereza burundu i Niamey. Benin na Eritrea ni byo bihugu byonyine byanze kuyasinya.

Nigeria nicyo gihugu gikomeye mu bukungu muri Afurika kuko gituwe n’abaturage barenga miliyoni 190 ndetse umutungo mbumbe wayo wihariye 17% by’umutungo mbumbe wose wa Afurika.

Imwe mu mpamvu Nigeria itahise yemeza burundu aya masezerano, ni uko yatinyaga inkurikizi zishobora kuyakurikira aho Buhari yavugaga ko ikigamijwe ari ukugerageza ‘kurengera imirimo, ibicuruzwa na serivisi mu gihugu cyacu, tugomba kwitonda ku masezerano ashobora kuzana uguhangana, akaba yabangamira inganda zacu zicyiyubaka’.

Ku wa Gatanu w’iki Cyumweru, ba Minisitiri b’Ububanyi n’Amahanga batoranyije Ghana nk’igihugu kizakira icyicaro cy’ubunyamabanga bw’isoko rusange rya Afurika. Ghana yari ihataniye uyu mwanya na Misiri, Kenya, Madagascar na eSwatini (yahoze ari Swaziland).

Muri iyi nama y’abakuru b’ibihugu harigirwamo ibijyanye n’amahame remezo y’ubunyamabanga bwa AfCFTA n’ingengo y’imari yabwo.

Byitezwe ko mu 2020 ubucuruzi hagati y’ibihugu bya Afurika buzagera ku gipimo ya 53% cy’ubucuruzi bwose bw’uyu mugabane aya masezerano nashyirwa mu bikorwa. Kuri ubu ubucuruzi buhagaze kuri 16%.

Haraganirwa no ku rujya n’uruza rw’abantu

Abakuru b’ibihugu kandi byitezwe ko baganira ku masezerano aheruka kwemezwa ashyiraho isoko rimwe mu by’ingendo zo mu kirere n’ikoreshwa rya pasiporo Nyafurika ihuriweho. Aya masezerano azatuma ibiciro by’indege hagati y’ibihugu byo muri Afurika bigabanukaho 25%.

Inyigo iheruka y’Ishyirahamwe Mpuzamahanga ry’Ubwikorezi bw’Indege (IATA) yerekanye ko guhuza isoko byatuma ibyo bihugu byongera miliyari 1.3 z’amadolari ku musaruro mbumbe, bigahanga imirimo 155 000, hakazigamwa miliyoni 500 z’amadolari mu matike, bikongera serivisi ku kigero cya 75%, kongera urwego rw’ubucuruzi no kugabanya igihe abagenzi bakoreshaga mu ngendo.

Mu Nama ya 27 y’Umuryango wa Afurika Yunze Ubumwe, AU, yabereye i Kigali mu 2016, nibwo hatangijwe ku mugaragaro Pasiporo Nyafurika, ku ikubitiro ishyikirizwa Perezida Idris Deby wa Tchad wari uyoboye AU na Perezida Paul Kagame wari wakiriye iyo nama.

Ku wa 08 Nyakanga 2016, Perezida Kagame yakoresheje bwa mbere mu ngendo ze Pasiporo Nyafurika ubwo yari agiye i N’Djamena muri Tchad mu irahira rya Idriss Déby Itno.

Kugira ngo iyi pasiporo Nyafurika itangire gutangwa ku bantu bose ni uko ibihugu 15 bigomba kwemeza burundu amasezerano ayishyiraho, nyamara kugeza ubu u Rwanda rwonyine ni rwo rumaze kuyemeza nubwo imiterere y’iyi pasiporo yo yemeranyijweho.

Mu bindi byitezwe muri ibi biganiro by’abakuru b’ibihugu harimo n’ibibazo by’umutekano ku mugabane nko muri Sudani, Libye na Sahel.

Mu minsi ishize u Rwanda rwatanze miliyoni imwe y’amadolari, ni ukuvuga miliyoni zirenga 860 z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda, yo gushyigikira umutwe w’ingabo zihuriweho n’ibihugu bitanu, G5 Sahel, ugamije kugarura umutekano mu Karere ka Sahel.

Sahel ni agace kari hagati y’ubutayu bwa Sahara mu Majyaruguru ya Sudani, gakora ku Nyanja ya Atlantique n’Itukura. Umutekano muke muri Libye mu 2011, muri Mali mu 2012 n’intagondwa za Boko Haram, byasembuye cyane ibibazo by’umutekano muke byarangwaga mu Karere ka Sahel.

Ni mu gihe mu Misiri haherutse kubera inama izwi nka ‘AU Troika Summit’, yitabiriwe na Perezida Kagame nk’uwahoze ari Umuyobozi wa AU, uwa Misiri nk’igihugu kiyoboye uyu muryango na Afurika y’Epfo nk’igihugu kizawuyobora umwaka utaha.

Yari igamije kwiga ku kibazo cy’umutekano mu bihugu bya Sudani na Libye.